Embryology derivatives

Question 1

Lens of eye

Answer 1

Surface ectoderm

Question 2

Spleen

Answer 2

Mesoderm (derived from foregut mesentary)

Question 3

Eustachian tube

Answer 3

endoderm (luminal epithelial derivative)

Question 4

Muscle, bone, CT

Answer 4

Mesoderm

Question 5

Gut tube epithelium (including anal canal above the pectinate line)

Answer 5

Endoderm

eg esophagus

Question 6

Lymphatics

Answer 6

Mesoderm

Question 7

3 types of ectoderm

Answer 7

neural crest
neuroectoderm
surface ectoderm

Question 8

Brain (CNS neurons, neurohypophysis, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, pineal gland)

Answer 8

neuroectoderm

Question 9

PNS (DRG, CN, autonomic ganglia, Schwann cells)

Answer 9

Neural crest

Question 10

Kidneys

Answer 10

mesoderm

Question 11

ovaries, testes

Answer 11

mesoderm

Question 12

dermis

Answer 12

mesoderm

Question 13

pancreas

Answer 13

endoderm

Question 14

gallbladder, liver, lungs

Answer 14

endoderm

Question 15

what structure induces ectoderm to form neuroectoderm (neural plate)

Answer 15

notochord

Question 16

blood

Answer 16

mesoderm

Question 17

cardiovascular structures

Answer 17

mesoderm

Question 18

most of urethra and lower vagina

Answer 18

endoderm

Question 19

upper vagina

Answer 19

mesoderm

Question 20

Thyroid, parathyroid, thyroid follicular cells

Answer 20

endoderm (luminal epithelial derivatives)

Question 21

serous linings of body cavities (eg peritoneum)

Answer 21

mesoderm

Question 22

chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla

Answer 22

neural crest

Question 23

parafollicular cells of thyroid

Answer 23

neural crest

Question 24

sweat, mammary glands

Answer 24

surface ectoderm

Question 25

melanocytes

Answer 25

neural crest

Question 26

adenohypophysis

Answer 26

surface ectoderm

Question 27

retina

Answer 27

neuroectoderm

Question 28

Hirschsprung disease is due to a defect in what embryonic tissue?

Answer 28

neural crest (forms ganglionic plexus) Always affects rectum and anus (neural crest cells migrate caudally) 75% of the time affects sigmoid colon

Question 29

Above pectinate

Answer 29

endoderm

Question 30

below pectinate

Answer 30

ectoderm

Question 31

difference between multipotent and totipotent stem cells?

Answer 31

Totipotent - derived from more primitive cells than multipotent. Zygote is totipotent during normal differentiation. Can develop into all the various cell types. Once in the 3 basic tissue types (mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm), the tissues are multipotent.

Question 32

What structure in the female develop from the same structures that failed to dev in hypospadia?

Answer 32

Male - urethral folds | female - labia minor

Question 33

Crura of the clitoris in females is equivalent to what in the male?

Answer 33

Crura of penis | Both developed from genital tubercle

Question 34

Labia majora in females is equivalent to what in the male?

Answer 34

scrotum

Question 35

Round ligament and ovarian ligaments are adult remnants of the caudal genital ligaments. These are equivalent to what in the male?

Answer 35

Caudal portions of the gubernaculum testis

Question 36

Craniopharyngiomas are derived from what? What else forms from this?

Answer 36

Rathke's pouch - oral ectoderm (diverticulum of the roof of the embryonic oral cavity) Anterior pituitary arises from this as well

Question 37

What forms the aorticopulmonary septum and endocardial cushions.

Answer 37

Ectodermal Neural crest cells

Question 38

Microglia (like Macrophages)

Answer 38

Mesoderm