Embryology defn lab exam 1

Question 1

A thin, fibrous, connective tissue layer covering of the ovary or testis of most vertebrates

Answer 1

Tunica albuginea

Question 2

Immature follicle consisting of a primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flattened granulosa cells with no antrum

Answer 2

Primordial follicle

Question 3

A growing follicle with a primary oocyte surrounded by one or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells with no antrum

Answer 3

Primary follicle

Question 4

A follicle with a primary oocyte surrounded by many layers of granulosa cells that are surrounded by theca cells. An antrum is forming.

Answer 4

Secondary follicle

Question 5

Mature follicle w/ a secondary oocyte and large antrum.

Answer 5

Graafian follicle

Question 6

Follicle cells remaining in the ovary after ovulation. They form a solid large mass in the ovarian cortex. The follicular cells become lutein cells when they function in secretion of steroids.

Answer 6

Corpus luteum

Question 7

Degenerated corpus luteum that has been replaced by connective tissue

Answer 7

Corpus albicans

Question 8

A degenerative follicle that will not ovulate. Often characterized by pycnotic nuclei, small and dispersed follicle cells, and a shrunken or fragmented oocyte

Answer 8

Atretic follicle

Question 9

Tubular structure carrying carrying blood through the tissues and organs, a vein, artery or capillary

Answer 9

Blood vessel

Question 10

Inner region of ovary that contains nerves, blood vessels, and lymph vessels. It is surrounded by the ovarian cortex

Answer 10

Ovarian medulla

Question 11

Peripheral region of ovary that contained follicles and corpora lutea. It surrounds the ovarian medulla.

Answer 11

Ovarian cortex

Question 12

Outer ovarian follicle cells that surround the stratum granulosum (granulosa cells) of the follicle. These are derived from ovarian mesenchyme, and secrete steroids. In mammals, these cells form two layers: an inner ___ interna and and outer ___ external

Answer 12

Theca cells

Question 13

Ovarian follicle cells forming multiple layers (stratum granulosum) that surrounds the zone pellucida of the oocyte. Granulosa cells are derived from cortical sex cords, and secrete steroids. The layers of follicle cells are surrounded by multi-tiered layer of theca cells.

Answer 13

Granulosa cells

Question 14

Nucleus of of the primary oocyte. It is very large and has a germinal spot (nucleolus). At the end of prophase I, it’s nuclear envelope breaks down to release its contents into the cytoplasm.

Answer 14

Germinal vesicle

Question 15

Extracellular coat of glycoproteins surrounding the mammalian oocyte/ovum. It functions in precise specificity during fertilization, and protection of the embryo during transport down the oviduct

Answer 15

Zona pellucida

Question 16

Follicle cells that surround the zona pellucida of the mammalian oocyte. They stay with the oocyte during ovulation

Answer 16

Cumulus cells

Question 17

A cluster of cumulus cells that surround the oocyte and protrude into the follicular antrum

Answer 17

Cumulus oophorus