Embryology Flashcards
What structures make up the pharyngeal arches?
core of mesenchyme from the mesoderm
neural crest cells
cranial nerve
artery
What germ layer lines the deep pharyngeal clefts?
ectoderm
What germ layer lines the pharyngeal pouches?
endoderm
What cranial nerve is associated with the first pharyngeal arch?
V
What cranial nerve is associated with the second pharyngeal arch?
VII
What cranial nerve is associated with the third pharyngeal arch?
IX
What cranial nerve is associated with the fourth and sixth pharyngeal arch?
X
Where are the cranial nerve derived from?
Neural tube
What are the two skeletal components of the first pharyngeal arch?
maxillary process
mandibular process
What bones are derived from the maxillary process of the first pharyngeal arch?
maxilla
zygoma
part of the temporal
What bones are derived from the mandibular process of the first pharyngeal arch?
mandible
incus
malleus
What muscles arise from the first pharyngeal arch?
muscles of mastication anterior belly of digastric mylohyoid tensor tympani tensor palatini
What bones are formed from the second pharyngeal arch?
stapes
styloid process of temporal bone
lesser horn and upper part of the body of the hyoid.
What muscles are formed from the second pharyngeal arch?
muscles of facial expression stapedius stylohyoid posterior belly of digastric auricular muscles
What bones are formed from the third pharyngeal arch?
greater horn and lower part of the hyoid
What muscles are formed by the third pharyngeal arch?
stylopharyngeus
What cartilages are formed by the fourth and sixth pharyngeal arches?
thyroid cartilage
cricothyroid cartilage
What muscles are formed by the fourth pharyngeal arch?
cricothyroid
levator palatini
pharyngeal constrictors
What muscles are formed by the sixth pharyngeal arch?
intrinsic laryngeal muscles
What structure is formed by the first pharyngeal cleft?
external auditory meatus
Which pharyngeal pouch forms the middle ear, eustachian tube and tympanic membrane?
first
Which pharyngeal pouch forms the palatine tonsil?
second
What structures are formed by the third pharyngeal pouch?
inferior parathyroid gland
thymus
Which pharyngeal pouch forms the superior parathyroid gland and the parafollicular cells of the thyroid?
fourth
