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Year 2 Urinary (JK) > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What does the paraxial mesoderm form?

A

somites

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2
Q

What does the intermediate plate mesoderm form?

A

urogenital system

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3
Q

What does the lateral plate mesoderm form?

A

body coverings and cavities

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4
Q

What is the allantois?

A

Outpouching of endoderm at hindgut that extends into the body stalk

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5
Q

What does the body stalk form?

A

umbilical cord

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6
Q

What is the cloaca?

A

single opening for urinary, reproductive and digestive system

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7
Q

What divides the cloaca?

A

urorectal septum

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8
Q

What is the cloaca divided into? Which is anterior and posterior?

A

urogenital sinus - A

rectum - P

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9
Q

What does the mesonephric duct drain into?

A

urogenital sinus

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10
Q

What does the urogenital sinus go on to form?

A

urinary bladder

urethra (caudal end)

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11
Q

What week does the pronephros form?

A

4

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12
Q

What forms the pronephros?

A

intermediate plate mesoderm in the neck

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13
Q

Name the 2 parts of the pronephros

A

rudimentary pronephric tubules

pronephric duct

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14
Q

What does the pronephric duct drain into?

A

cloaca

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15
Q

When does the propnephros degenerate by? What remains?

A

week 5

pronephric duct

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16
Q

What forms the mesopnephros and in what week is this?

A

intermediate plate mesoderm in trunk

late week 4

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17
Q

When does the mesonephros function?

A

week 5-9

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18
Q

What does the pronephric duct form?

A

mesonephric duct

19
Q

What do the mesonephric tubules drain into?

A

mesonephric duct

20
Q

What is the name for the definitive kidney?

A

metanephros

21
Q

When does metanephros develop and then start to function?

A

week 5

week 9

22
Q

2 parts of metanephros

A 
ureteric bud 
metanephric mesoderm (most caudal part of intermediate plate mesoderm)
23
Q

What happens to the mesonephros?

A

much incorporated into the gonads

24
Q

What migrates to form spermatogonia and oogonia?

A

undifferentiated cells from the yolk sac

25
Q

What do the mesonephric tubules form?

A

rete testis

26
Q

What does the mesonephric duct form?

A

vas deferens

27
Q

What happens to the mesonephric duct in females?

A

degenerates

28
Q

What does the ureteric bud do?

A

branch at distal end

29
Q

Stalk of ureteric bud forms?

A

ureter

30
Q

Expanded cranial end of ureteric bud forms?

A

pelvis

31
Q

first 4 branches of ureteric bud form

A

major calyces and become confluent

32
Q

What do the second 4 branches of the ureteric bud form?

A

minor calyces

33
Q

What do the remaining branches of the ureteric bud form?

A

collecting tubules

34
Q

What do the ureteric bud and metanephric duct do to eachother?

A

reciprocally induce eachother

35
Q

What comprises the nephron?

A

renal corpuscle + PCT + loop of henle + DCT

36
Q

What comprises the uriniferous tubule?

A

nephron and collecting duct

37
Q

What does the nephron develop from?

A

metanephric mesoderm

38
Q

What does the collecting duct, calyces, pelvis and ureter develop from?

A

ureteric bud

39
Q

Where do the kidneys initially lie?

A

side of bladder and developing pelvis

40
Q

Why do the kidneys ascend into abdomen?

A

differential growth of the lower body

41
Q

Where do the kidneys lie in an adult? (vertebrae level)

A

T12-L3

42
Q

Where does the hilum rotate to?

A

from ventral to medial - 90 degrees

43
Q

When does the kidneys ascent stop?

A

when they reach the adrenal glands

44
Q

Describe the kidney vascular supply on their ascent

A

segmental breakdown and reform of vascular supply

Year 2 Urinary (JK) (26 decks)

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