Anatomy pre-practical lecture Flashcards
Name the parts of the urinary system
bladder, urethra, ureter, kidney
What level is the transpyloric plane?
L1
What does the transpyloric plane go through? a couple of examples
hilum of kidney pylorus of stomach neck of pancreas 2nd part of duodenum start of SMA Termination of spinal cord origin of portal vein
Why does the right kidney sit lower than the left?
liver
Function of fascial coverings of kidney
protection
Layers of fascial coverings
capsule perirenal fat renal fascia pararenal fat transversalis fascia
3 posterior relations of kidneys
diaphragm
psoas major
quadratus lumborum
Anterior relations of right kidney
liver duodenum colon jejunum suprarenal
Anterior relations of left kidney
stomach colonic flexure small bowel pancreas spleen
How can you tell the right and left kidney apart in anatomy lab?
ureter most posterior of the hilum structures
What is a horseshoe kidney?
inferior pole fused and can have abnormal ureter insertion
Consequences of horseshoe kidney
more prone to hydronephrosis, stones, tumours, infection
Cause of duplicated ureter
duplication of ureteric but from mesonephric duct
Consequences of duplicated ureter
vesicoureteric reflux and UTI
Describe the make up of the medulla
pyramids - minor calyx - major calyx - pelvis - ureter
Histology structures of cortex
renal corpuscles, PCT, DCT,
bowmans capsule
Histology structures of medulla
loop of henle
collecting ducts
Bowmans capsule
glomerulus is a 2 layered cup with squamous epithelium and a space known as bowmans capsule
Role of bowmans capsule
group of capillaries for filtration
3 ureteric constrictions
origin - pelvis narrows to become ureter
pelvic brim - crosses hip bone
vesico-ureteric junction - where it enters bladder
Importance of ureter and uterine artery relations
eg hysterectomy
uterine runs anterior to ureter so do not clamp ureter
