Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

STEP > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Most common monozygotic twins

A

Diamnionic-monochorionic thins

Share one placenta, one chorion, but two amniotic fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Woman with lower abdominal pains, vaginal bleeding, fever, hCG ~10,000

A

Ectopic pregnancy

FYI This is a low hCG value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cloacal membrane

A

Future anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

VACTERL

A 
Vertebral defects
Anal atresia
Cardiovascular defects
Tracheo
Esophageal fistula
Renal defects
Limb defects

Constellation of symptoms assoc. With abnormal development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

VACTERL

A 
Vertebral defects (often sacrococcygeal teratoma)
Anal atresia
Cardiovascular defects
Tracheo
Esophageal fistula
Renal defects
Limb defects

Constellation of symptoms assoc. With abnormal development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Remnant of the ductus Venosus

A

The Ligamentum venosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Remnant of the umbilical vein

A

Ligamentum Teres hepatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Remnant of the umbilical arteries

A

Medial umbilical ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MCC of third trimester bleeding

A

Placenta Previa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Truncus Arteriosus

A

Forms the aorta and the pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bulbus cordis

A

Forms the smooth parts or the right and left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Primitive ventricle

A

Forms the Trabeculated part of the right and left ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Primitive atrium

A

Forms the Trabeculated parts of the right and left atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sinus Venosus

A

Smooth part of the right atrium

AND

⭐️coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sources of the membranous Interventricular septum (3)

A

Right bulbar ridge

Left bulbar ridge

AV cushions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

1st aortic arch

A

Maxillary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

2nd aortic arch

A

Stapedial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

3 aortic arch

A

Right and left CCAs

Right and left ICAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

4th aortic arch

A

Right subclavian artery (right arch)

Aortic arch (left arch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

6th aortic arch

A

Right and left pulmonary arteries

Ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Vitelline arteries in an cult

A

Form the celiac, SMA, AND IMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Vitelline veins in an adult

A

Forms the hepatic veins and sinsuoids, portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dorsal Mesentary of the stomach in an adult

A

The greater Omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Contents of the Hepatoduodenal ligament

A

The portal triad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Baby with progressive jaundice, pale stool, dark urine

A

Biliary atresia; 100% fatal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

“Double-bubble sign in newborn”

A

Possible annular pancreas

Occurs when the ventral pancreatic bud fuses in two locations with the dorsal pancreatic bud

⭐️Have bilious vomit

27
Q

Midgut rotation

A

Herniate at week 6, rotates 270 degrees around the SMA, and returns at week 11

28
Q

Small intestine entirely on right side and large intestine on right

A

No rotation of the midgut; only completed 90 degrees

29
Q

Mal rotation of the midgut

A

SI will be close to the pylorus; pt. at risk for Volvulus

30
Q

Intestinal atresia

A

Failed recanalization of the gut tube possibly due to a uterine vascular event

31
Q

Urorectal septum site in an adult

A

The perineal body

32
Q

Upper and lower anal canal derivatives

A

Upper (above pectinate) cloaca (Hindgut)

Lower-Proctodeum, an invagination of the ectoderm

33
Q

Ventral mesentary in an adult

A

The lesser omentum

34
Q

Metanephros gives rise to…

A

The functional kidney

35
Q

Ureteric bud gives rise to…

A

The ureters, renal pelvis, calyces, and COLLECTING DUCTS

-Ureteric bus begins as an outputching of the mesonephros

36
Q

Level of the renal arteries

A

L2

37
Q

Allantois remnant in adult

A

Median umbilical ligament

Or

The Urachus

38
Q

Paramesonephric ducts

A

Form the Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and superior 1/3 of the vagina

-Is the concept behind adenosis where some of the vagina has columnar epithelia

39
Q

Embryologic origin of the clit

A

Phallus

40
Q

Embryologic origin of the Labia minora

A

Urogenital folds

41
Q

Embryologic origin of the labia majora

A

Labioscrotal swellings

42
Q

Hyatid cyst of Morgagni

A

Arises from remnant of the paramesonephroc duct

43
Q

Didelphys

A

Lack of fusion of the paramesonephric ducts forms a double uterus

⭐️Bicornate ➡️ Partial fusion

44
Q

Cells with long telomeres

A

Stem cells that are constantly replicating

45
Q

Mesonephric ducts in males

A

Epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, Ejaculatory duct

-Also called the Wolffian Ducts

46
Q

Embryologic origin of the penis

A

The phallus

47
Q

Embryologic origin of the ventral penis

A

Urogenital folds

48
Q

Embryological origin of the scrotum

A

Labioscrotal swellings

49
Q

Sturgeon-Weber Syndrome

A 
Sporadic
port-wine Stain
Tram track calcium (brain looks outlined on CT)
Unilateral (paresis, sensory deficits)
Retardation
Glaucoma (eye looks fucking HUGE unilaterally)
GNAQ Gene
Epilepsy
50
Q

Tuberous sclerosis

A 
Hamartomas in the CNS and skin
Angiofibromas of the face, " butterfly" look
Ash-leaf spots (hypopigmentation)
Rhabdomyoma of the heart
Tuberous sclerosis
autosomal dOminant
MR
Angiomyolipomas of the kidney
Seizure
Shagreen patches (Orange-peel patch)
Subungual fibroma
51
Q

️Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage

A

At birth, the blood vessels that supply the proliferating neurons and glia above the caudate are thin walled and unable of Autoregulation

➡️ increased BP leads to rupture and hemorrhage

➡️ MR, seizure

⭐️ Tx: Antenatal corticosteroids (just like w/ NRDS)

52
Q

Bones of the pharyngeal arches

A

Actually formed by neural crest cells

53
Q

Arteries and muscles of pharyngeal arches

A

Formed by mesoderm

54
Q

Filliform papillae

A

Only type of tongue papillae that does not have taste buds

55
Q

Chorda tympani

A

Branch of the facial nerve that carries taste information

-Is why a ruptured tympanic membrane produces a loss of taste

56
Q

Inflammatory marker elevated in temporal arteritis

A

ESR and IL-6

57
Q

Alar sensory plate

A

Becomes the DRG

58
Q

Basal motor plate

A

Gives rise to motor neuroblasts of the ventral and lateral horns

59
Q

Filum terminale

A

Anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx

60
Q

Arnold-Chiari malformations

A

The caudal vermis and tonsils of the cerebellum herniate thru the foramen magnum

Clinical: swallowing, strider, loss of gag reflex, vocal cord paralysis (due to loss of CNs IX-XII)

61
Q

Alar sensory plate

A

Becomes the DRG

62
Q

Basal motor plate

A

Gives rise to motor neuroblasts of the ventral and lateral horns

63
Q

Filum terminale

A

Anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx

64
Q

Arnold-Chiari malformations

A

The caudal vermis and tonsils of the cerebellum herniate thru the foramen magnum

Clinical: swallowing, strider, loss of gag reflex, vocal cord paralysis (due to loss of CNs IX-XII)

STEP (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions