Embryology Flashcards
What does the anterior body of the tongue form from?
Two lateral lingual swellings and a medial swelling (tuberculum impar), from the first pharyngeal arch.
What forms the posterior of the tongue?
The copula from the second, third and proximal fourth pharyngeal arch.
What is another name for the copula?
The hypobrachial eminence.
What forms from the distal part of the fourth pharyngeal arch?
The epiglottal swelling.
Since it forms from the first pharyngeal arch, which nerve innervates the mucosa of the body of the tongue?
The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve.
What innervates the posterior mucosa of the tongue (showing the mesoderm of the third pharyngeal arch overlaps the second)?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX). (And superior laryngeal nerve from fourth arch.)
What innervates the tongue musculature (providing main motor supply to tongue)?
Hypoglossal nerve.
What is the embryological origin of the tissue above the pectinate line?
Endoderm (so it’s simple columnar epithelium).
What is the embryological origin of the tissue below the pectinate line?
Ectoderm (so it’s non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium).
What is the embryonic origin of the falciform ligament of the liver?
The ventral mesentery.
What is the embryological origin of the ligamentum Teres?
The umbilical vein, between the placenta and the liver.
What does Teres mean?
Cylindrical.
What is the embryological origin of the ligamentum venosum?
The ductus venosus, which directed blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava to bypass the liver so all the oxygen and nutrients aren’t used up.
What is the origin of the gastrosplenic ligament?
The dorsal mesogastrium.
What is the origin of the spleen?
Mesodermal.
