Embryology 2 Flashcards
Name the different component parts of the heart tube in order from arterial end to venous end
(labelled a-e).
a. truncus arteriosus
b. bulbus cordis
c. primitive ventricle
d. primitive atrium
e. sinus venosus
What do the vitelline veins do?
Drain venous blood from the yolk sac to sinus venosus
What do the umbilical veins do?
Drain venous blood from the placenta to sinus venoss
What do the cardinal veins do?
Drain venous blood from the body of embryo to sinus of venosus
What part of the heart tube is responsible for the formation of the cardiac loop?
Bulbus cordis and primitive ventricle.
What is dextrocardia?
Apex of the heart is on the right side of the body. (rare congenital condition)
Define ectopia cordis?
Heart is located partially or totally outside of the thorax.
Define foramen ovale.
one of two cardiac shunts which allows blood to bypass the lungs because blood goes immediately from right atrium to left atrium
What is ductus arteriosus?
Allows blood that still has escaped to the right ventricle to bypass the pulmonary circulation
c. Which maternal infection (acquired during pregnancy) can often be associated with congenital heart defects?
Rubella
What develops the membranous portion of the interventriclar septum and closes the IV foramen?
Fusion of:
a) two trunco-conal (bulbar) ridges
b) endocardial cushion
c) aorticopulmonary septum
2 most common types of ASD?
- Patent foramen ovale
- Ostium secundum (foramen in septum primum)
Reasons for foramen ovale not closing at birth?
- eNlarged foramen ovale
- ## inadequate growth of foramen secundum
2 septa that form during the partition of the primordial atrium?
- septum primum and septum secundum
When does the interventircular foramen close?
Week 7
What is the function of the ductus arteriosus?
- It connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
- It shunts blood from the left pulmonary artery to the aorta, therefore bypassing fetal pulmonary circulation
What Is coarctation of the aorta? Why does it occur?
- Narrowing of the aorta, usually where the ductus arteriosus is.
- congenital, not fully understood, construction of ductus arteriosus when it closes off to become ligaments arteriosus
When does double aortic arch occur?
- in other congenital heart defects such as Tetralogy of fallot, transposition of great arteries, ventricular septal defect
What is tetralogy of fallot?
4 heart problems
- Ventricular septal defect
- Overiridng aorta
- Pulmonary stenosis
- Right ventricular hypertrophy
