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MRCOG Part 1 > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What does the urogenital system develop from?

A

Intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

What develops into the kidney?

A

Metanephros

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3
Q

Embryological origin of adenohypophysis?

A

Ectoderm

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4
Q

What occurs during capacitation?

A

Cervical and fallopian tube secretions remove glycoprotein and cholesterol of acrosomal membrane

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5
Q

How do sperm penetrate corona radiata?

A

Release hyaluronidase and movement

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6
Q

How do sperm penetrate zona pellucida?

A

Releases acrosomal enzymes - esterases, neuraminidase, and acrosin

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7
Q

What is the zona reaction?

A

Release of lysosomal enzymes from cortical granules into space between zona pellucida and oocyte cell membrane which changes structure to prevent more sperm from penetrating zona pellucida

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8
Q

What day does the morula form?

A

Day 4

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9
Q

What day does the blastocyst form?

A

Day 5

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10
Q

How many cells does the morula have?

A

16

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11
Q

When does implantation begin?

A

Day 8-9

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12
Q

What are the cells of the zygote called?

A

Blastomeres

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13
Q

What do urethral folds form?

A

F - labia minora
M - ventral aspect of penis

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14
Q

What do genital swellings form?

A

F - labia majora
M - scrotum

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15
Q

What does the genital tubercle form?

A

F - clitoris
M - penis

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16
Q

What does the urogenital sinus form?

A

Urinary bladder
Urethra
F - urethral and paraurethral glands, vagina
M - prostate gland, prostatic utricle

17
Q

What urinary structures does the mesonephric duct form?

A

Ureter, renal pelvis, calyces, collecting tubules

18
Q

When do the 3 germ layers arise from epiblast?

A

Day 18

19
Q

When does blastocyst hatch from zona pellucida?

A

Days 6-7

20
Q

Formation of female gamete?

A

Oogonium -growth/maturation-> primary oocyte -meiosis I-> secondary oocyte -meiosis II-> ootid -differentiation-> ovum

21
Q

Rotation of midgut?

A

270 deg anticlockwise

22
Q

Which gamete cell type has the highest number of chromatids?

A

Primary oocyte (2 x 46)

23
Q

Where do primordial germ cells originate?

A

Yolk sac endothelium

24
Q

Where do paramesonephric ducts develop from?

A

Coelomic epithelium on urogenital ridge

25
Q

Gestional age in which physiological umbilical hernia occurs?

A

8-10 weeks

26
Q

What ensures persistence of the mesonephric duct in males?

A

Androgens

27
Q

Closure of ductus arteriosus after birth is mediated by?

A

Bradykinin

28
Q

Retina is derived from?

A

Neuro ectoderm

29
Q

At what stage does the embryo enter the uterus?

A

8 cell stage

30
Q

Layers of amnion?

A

5: cuboidal epithelium, basement membrane, compact layer, fibroblast layer, spongy layer of reticular tissue

31
Q

Layers of chorion?

A

4: fibroblasts, reticular layer, basement membrane, trophoblast layer

32
Q

CRL 10mm = gestational age?

A

7 weeks

MRCOG Part 1 (13 decks)

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