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MRCOG Part 1 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the relationship of the pudendal nerve to the pudendal artery?

A

Medial

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2
Q

What are the nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?

A

Ventral rami (anterior divisions) S2-S4

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3
Q

What is the anatomical course of the pudendal nerve?

A

Forms, passes between piriformis and ischiococcygeus
Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen
Crosses the sacrospinous ligament

Re-enters the pelvis via lesser sciatic foramen
Pudendal/Alcock canal with internal pudendal artery and vein
Gives off inferior rectal nerve and perineal nerve
Continues as the dorsal nerve of the penis or clitoris

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4
Q

What muscles does the pudendal nerve innervate?

A

Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus
Levator ani muscles (also receive innervation from anterior ramus of S4)
External urethral sphincter
Branch of inferior rectal nerve - external anal sphincter

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5
Q

What is the saying for the pudendal nerve?

A

S2, S3, S4 keeps the poo off the floor!
(i.e. nerve supply to external urethral sphincter and inferior rectal nerve to external anal sphincter)

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6
Q

What muscles make up the levator ani?

A

Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis

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7
Q

At what level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

A

L4 or uppermost edge of iliac crest

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8
Q

What are the terminal branches of the aorta?

A

R and L common iliac arteries
Median sacral artery

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9
Q

What are the branches of the abdominal aorta?

A
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10
Q

Which ascending artery can be damaged during open appendicectomy?

A

Deep circumflex

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11
Q

When you hold the bony pelvis in anatomical position which two landmarks are at the same level horizontally?

A

Symphysis pubis and ischial spines

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12
Q

What is the submentobregmatic diameter?

A

9.5cm

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13
Q

What forms a dimple in the gluteal region?

A

Posterior superior iliac spines

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14
Q

What are the branches of the coeliac trunk?

A

Left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries

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15
Q

At what level do the common iliacs bifurcate?

A

L5-S1

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16
Q

Where does the internal iliac bifurcate into anterior and posterior divisions?

A

Border of greater sciatic foramen

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17
Q

At what age does the anterior fontanelle close?

A

18 months

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18
Q

Which ligament can be used to correct anterior wall prolapse?

A

Sacrospinous ligament (anterior sacrospinous ligament fixation)

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19
Q

What structures does the ductus venosus connect?

A

Left umbilical vein and IVC

20
Q

Couse of umbilical vein

A

Splits into R and L, R becomes portal vein, L becomes ductus venosus

21
Q

Origin of umbilical arteries

A

Anterior division of internal iliac

22
Q

What structures does the ductus arteriosus connect?

A

Pulmonary artery and aorta

23
Q

What does the ductus venosus become after birth?

A

Ligamentum venosum of the liver

24
Q

What does the ductus arteriosus become after birth?

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

25
Q

Remnant of umbilical vein?

A

Round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres hepatis)

26
Q

Remnant of umbilical artery?

A

Superior vescical arteries (proximal portion) and medial umbilical folds/ligaments (distal portion)

27
Q

Cause of bicornuate uterus?

A

Failure of paramesonephric duct fusion

28
Q

Which structure is palpated during hysterectomy to differentiate between the body of uterus and cervix?

A

Uterovescical fold

29
Q

Attachments of levator ani?

A

Obturator internus fascia

30
Q

Where do the ovarian arteries branch from the aorta?

A

L2

31
Q

Dermatome of xiphoid process?

A

T7

32
Q

Dermatome of pubis?

A

L1

33
Q

Dermatome of umbilicus?

A

T10

34
Q

Blood supply levator ani?

A

Inferior gluteal artery

35
Q

Fetal component of the placental bed?

A

Extravillous trophoblasts

36
Q

Which vessel crosses directly in front of L5?

A

R common iliac artery

37
Q

Structure between theca cells and mural granulosa?

A

Basal lamina

38
Q

What cell type are Sertoli cells?

A

Tall columnar

39
Q

At what level does IVC form?

A

L4-L5

40
Q

What nerve is affected by ovarian pathology?

A

Obturator nerve

41
Q

Lateral wall of ischiorectal fossa is?

A

Obturator internus muscle/fascia

42
Q

Muscles of pelvic diaphragm?

A

Levator ani and coccygeus

43
Q

Nerve supply to posterior ⅔ of labia majora?

A

Perineal nerve

44
Q

Important structure attached to ASIS?

A

Inguinal ligament

45
Q

Blood supply to rectus abdominis below umbilicus?

A

Inferior epigastric artery

MRCOG Part 1 (13 decks)

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