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1 Reviewer A - Veterinary Anatomy > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

The mesoderm that splits into an outer parietal and an inner splanchnic layer is:
a. Dorsal mesoderm
b.Lateral mesoderm
c.Somatic mesoderm
d.Intermediate mesoderm

A

Lateral mesoderm

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2
Q

Which mesoderm becomes organized into somitomeres and somites?
a. Lateral mesoderm
b.Intermediate mesoderm
c.Paraxial mesoderm
d.Splanchnic mesoderm

A

Paraxial mesoderm

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3
Q

Which of the following forms the middle part of each somite?
a.Sclerotome
b.Myotome
c.Syndetome
d.Dermatome

A

Myotome

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4
Q

In which cell cycle phase do neurons permanently function without dividing?
a.G0 phase
b.G1 phase
c.M phase
d.S phase

A

G0 phase

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5
Q

Which organelle is primarily concentrated in the middle piece of a sperm cell?
a.Golgi apparatus
b.Mitochondria
c. Centriole
d.Cytoplasm

A

Mitochondria

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6
Q

Type A, intermediate, and type B are types of:
a.Spermatocytes
b.Spermatozoa
c.Spermatids
d.Spermatogonia

A

Spermatogonia

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7
Q

The acrosome already covers about two-thirds of the condensed nucleus of the spermatid during which phase of spermiogenesis?
a.Maturation phase
b.Acrosome phase
c.Golgi phase
d.Cap phase

A

Acrosome phase

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8
Q

Which cells surround the primary oocyte in a primary follicle?
a.Theca cells
b.Cuboidal granulosa cells
c. Flattened granulosa cells
d.Luteal cells

A

Cuboidal granulosa cells

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9
Q

What notable structural change occurs during the transition of a primary to a secondary ovarian follicle?
a.Formation of the antrum
b.Single layer of granulosa cells
c.Multiple layers of granulosa cells and theca cells
d.Ovulation

A

Multiple layers of granulosa cells and theca cells

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10
Q

The prominent translucent acellular layer which is composed of the condensation of oocyte-secreted glycoproteins is:
a.Membrana granulosa
b.Cumulus oophorus
c. Corona radiata
d.Zona pellucida

A

Zona pellucida

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11
Q

What forms immediately after the rupture of the Graafian follicle during ovulation?
a.Corpus luteum
b.Corpus albicans
c.Corpus hemorrhagicum
d.Corpus cavernosum

A

Corpus hemorrhagicum

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12
Q

For entry into the ovum, the spermatozoa must first pass through the:
a.Vitelline membrane
b.Corona radiata
c.Zona pellucida
d.Theca folliculi

A

Corona radiata

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13
Q

The most reliable criterion that a successful fertilization occurred is:
a.Fusion of the sperm and oocyte membrane
b.Fusion of male and female pronuclei
c.Binding of the sperm to the zona pellucida
d.Digestion of the zona pellucida

A

Fusion of male and female pronuclei

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14
Q

When the yolk of the egg is uniformly distributed through the cytoplasm,
it is classified as:
a.Oligolecithal
b.Centrolecithal
c.Telolecithal
d.Mesolecithal

A

Centrolecithal

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15
Q

Yolk is several times greater than the cytoplasm in which type of egg?
a.Mesolecithal
b.Polylecithal
c. Isolecithal
d.Oligolecithal

A

Polylecithal

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16
Q

The term “morula” refers to which stage of embryonic development?
a.A single-cell zygote
b.A solid ball of cells
c.A hollow ball of cells
d.A multi-layered structure

A

A single-cell zygote

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17
Q

What is the main function of the trophoblast in early embryonic
development?
a.Formation of the embryo proper
b.Formation of extraembryonic membranes
c.Nutrient absorption
d.Waste elimination

A

Formation of extraembryonic membranes

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18
Q

In avian species, the embryo will develop in the:
a.Blastocoele
b.Area opaca
c.Area pellucida
d.Yolk

A

Area pellucida

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19
Q

The funnel shape depression of the Hensen’s node is called:
a.Primitive pit
b.Primitive ridge
c.Primitive groove
d.Primitive streak

A

Primitive pit

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20
Q

Hydrops occurs most often in which of the following domestic
species?
a.Pig
b.Horse
c.Sheep
d.Cattle

A

Cattle

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21
Q

Which stage of embryonic development implants into the uterine wall?
a.Gastrula
b.Zygote
c.Blastula
d.Morula

A

Blastula

22
Q

When the blastocyst burrows through the uterine epithelium to the uterine stroma and becomes completely cut off from the uterine lumen, the implantation is said to be:
a.Centric
b.Eccentric
c.Superficial
d.Interstitial

A

Interstitial

23
Q

The embryonic disc in mammals is composed of which two layers?
a.Trophoblast and inner cell mass
b.Epiblast and hypoblast
c.Ectoderm and mesoderm
d.Endoderm and mesoderm

A

Epiblast and hypoblast

24
Q

Which organ system is the first to develop in the mammalian embryo?
a.Respiratory
b.Circulatory
c.Nervous
d.Digestive

A

Nervous

25
Q

Which of the following brain vesicles remain undivided during embryonic development?
a.Mesencephalon
b.Telencephalon
c.Prosencephalon
d.Metencephalon

A

Mesencephalon

26
Q

Rhombic lips are the first evidences of the embryonic development of which organ?
a.Cerebrum
b.Cerebellum
c. Hypophysis cerebri
d.Corpora quadrigemina

A

Cerebellum

27
Q

The neural crest cells migrate to form various structures EXCEPT:
a.Central nervous system
b.Facial cartilage and bones
c.Adrenal medulla
d.Peripheral nervous system

A

Central nervous system

28
Q

The process of gastrulation results in the formation of which
structure?
a.Blastocoele
b.Neural tube
c.Germ layers
d.Somites

A

Germ layers

29
Q

Which of the following structures is a derivative of the endoderm?
a.Adrenal cortex
b.Oviduct
c.Axial and limb muscles
d.Pancreas

A

Pancreas

30
Q

Which of the following bone is formed by desmal ossification?
a.Humerus
b.Tibia
c. Cervical vertebrae
d.Occipital bone

A

Occipital bone

31
Q

What process of programmed cell death shapes the digits during limb development?
a. Patterning
b.Differentiation
c. Morphogenesis
d.Apoptosis

A

Apoptosis

32
Q

The embryonic precursor to the mammalian kidney is the:
a. Pronephros
b.Mesonephros
c. Metanephros
d.All of these

A

Metanephros

33
Q

The ureteric bud does NOT contribute to the formation of which structure?
a. Renal pelvis
b.Glomerulus
c. Collecting duct
d.Ureter

A

Glomerulus

34
Q

The primitive gut tube is divided into foregut, midgut, and hindgut based on:
a. Blood supply
b.Length of the tube
c. Neural crest cell migration
d.Rotation of the tube

A

Blood supply

35
Q

Which of the following adult structures originated from the
embryonic foregut?
a. Jejunum
b.Liver
c. Cecum
d.Cloaca

A

Liver

36
Q

Which structure is responsible for the development of the adenohypophysis?
a. Proctodaeum
b.Infundibulum
c. Rathke’s pouch
d.Otic placode

A

Rathke’s pouch

37
Q

The pharyngeal pouches contribute to the development of the:
a. Heart
b.Ears
c. Adrenal gland
d.Parathyroid gland

A

Parathyroid gland

38
Q

In which part of the mammalian embryo does hematopoiesis first occur?
a. Liver
b.Bone marrow
c. Spleen
d.Yolk sac

A

Yolk sac

39
Q

Which part of the adult heart is formed by the sinus venosus?
a. Right atrium
b.Left atrium
c. Right ventricle
d.Left ventricle

A

Right atrium

40
Q

In the developing heart, the atrioventricular (AV) canal is partitioned by which structure?
a.Endocardial cushions
b.Bulbus cordis
c. Foramen ovale
d.Truncus arteriosus

A

Endocardial cushions

41
Q

Which structure forms the precursor to the vertebral column?
a. Primitive streak
b.Neural tube
c. Sclerotomes
d.Notochord

A

Notochord

42
Q

In the developing eye, the optic vesicle induces the overlying
ectoderm to form the:
a. Retina
b.Cornea
c. Lens
d.Sclera

A

Lens

43
Q

Which of the following stages of lung development establishes the bronchioles and terminal bronchioles?
a. Canalicular
b.Alveolar
c. Saccular
d.Pseudoglandular

A

Pseudoglandular

44
Q

Which embryonic structure is the primordia to the mammalian lung?
a. Tracheoesophageal groove
b.Respiratory diverticulum
c. Alveolar buds
d.Septum transversum

A

Respiratory diverticulum

45
Q

Barker foal syndrome results from lack of production of pulmonary
surfactant by which type of cells?
a. Type I pneumocytes
b.Type II pneumocytes
c. Alveolar macrophages
d.Endothelial cells

A

Type II pneumocytes

46
Q

The amnion primarily functions to:
a. Exchange gases
b.Provide nutrients
c. Protect the embryo
d.Remove waste

A

Protect the embryo

47
Q

How many tissue layers are there in a synepitheliochorial type of placenta?
a. 3
b.4
c. 5
d.6

A

5

48
Q

Specialized microzones of chorionic villi known as microcotyledons
characterize the placenta of:
a.Cattle
b.Cat
c.Horse
d.Pig

A

Horse

49
Q

The embryonic paramesonephric ducts will develop into which of the
following structures?
a. Vulva
b.Vagina
c. Ductus deferens
d.Ductus epididymis

A

Vagina

50
Q

The formation of the mammalian diaphragm is primarily influenced
by the:
a. Septum transversum
b.Septum secundum
c. Septum intermedium
d.Septum primum

A

Septum transversum

1 Reviewer A - Veterinary Anatomy (7 decks)

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