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1 Reviewer A - Veterinary Anatomy > Dog, Comparative, Embryology, & Histology > Flashcards

Dog, Comparative, Embryology, & Histology Flashcards

1
Q

In which of the following domestic animals does the esophagus consists entirely of smooth muscle?
a.cattle
b.goat
c.chicken
d.dog

A

Chicken

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2
Q

Hydrops occurs most often in which of the following domestic species?
a.cats
b.horses
c.cattle
d.pig

A

Cattle

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3
Q

Which cells are responsible for the production of enamel?
a.Ameloblasts
b.Odontoblasts
c.Cementoblasts
d.Fibroblasts

A

Ameloblasts

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4
Q

Which among the following domestic animals have a structure called torus pyloricus in the stomach?
a.Dogs and cats
b.Pig and ruminants
c.Horse
d.Chicken

A

Pig and ruminants

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5
Q

Which of the following ligaments is broken when spaying a bitch to bring the ovary to the incision site?
a.Proper ligament of the ovary
b.Ovarian ligament
c.Suspensory ligament of the ovary
d.Broad ligament

A

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

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6
Q

Which of the following structures is present in small ruminants but absent in cattle?
a.renal papillae
b.renal calyces
c.renal pelvis
d.renal cortex

A

Renal pelvis

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7
Q

In dogs, how many lobes are present in the left lung?
a.1
b.2
c.3
d.4

A

2

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8
Q

When one can finally see the evidence of the archenteron, the embryo is considered to be a:
a.gastrula
b.morula
c.blastula
d.nuerula

A

Gastrula

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9
Q

Wobbler syndrome affects which of the following vertebrae?
a.cervical
b.thoracic
c.lumbar
d.sacral

A

Cervical

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10
Q

Which of the following serves as the cranial boundary of the femoral triangle?
a.gracilis
b.pectineus
c.sartorius
d.biceps femoris

A

Sartorius

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11
Q

Which of the following muscles is the strongest extensor of the elbow?
a.biceps brachii
b.tensor fascia antebrachii
c.triceps brachii
d.extensor carpi radialis

A

Triceps brachii

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12
Q

Which stage of embryonic development implants into the uterine wall?
a.Gastrula
b.Zygote
c.Blastula
d.Morula

A

Blastula

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13
Q

Which of the following lobes of the liver is present in all domestic farm mammals?
a.Papillary process of the caudate lobe
b.Left lateral lobe
c.Right medial lobe
d.Quadrate lobe

A

Quadrate lobe

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14
Q

The carpus of which domestic species consists of 8 bones?
a.Dog
b.Sheep
c.Pig
d.Cattle

A

Pig

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15
Q

The floating ribs in chickens are the:
a.first pair of ribs only
b.second pair of ribs only
c.last pair of ribs only
d.both A and C

A

first pair of ribs only

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16
Q

The embryonic paramesonephric ducts will develop into which of the following structures?
a.Vulva
b.Vagina
c.Ductus deferens
d.Ductus epididymis

A

Vagina

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17
Q

Hydrops occurs most often in which of the following domestic species?
a.Pig
b.Horse
c.Sheep
d.Cattle

A

Cattle

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18
Q

In birds, the tarsometatarsal bone is composed of which of the following bones of the pelvic limb?
a.Fused central and distal tarsal bone with metatarsal II-IV bones
b.Distal tarsal bone and proximal end of the metatarsal I bone
c.Fused metatarsal I - V bones
d.All tarsal bones and all metatarsal bones

A

Fused central and distal tarsal bone with metatarsal II-IV bones

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19
Q

The following adult structures are derivatives of the foregut, except:
a.stomach
b.liver
c.spleen
d.rectum

A

Rectum

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20
Q

What is the ring of soft horn marking the transition between the skin and the horn?
a.caruncle
b.epikeras
c.tarsal pad
d.rachis

A

Epikeras

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21
Q

In dogs, the popliteal lymph node is present in the ______.
a.thoracic limb only
b.pelvic limb only
c.both thoracic and pelvic limbs
d.neither of the thoracic nor the pelvic limbs

A

Pelvic limb only

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22
Q

The formation of the mammalian diaphragm is primarily influenced by the:
a.Septum transversum
b.Septum secundum
c.Septum intermedium
d.Septum primum

A

Septum transversum

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23
Q

Which of the following domestic species has a firm penis even when not erect?
a.Pig
b.Dog
c.Horse
d.Cat

A

Pig

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24
Q

Radial nerve innervates the following muscles except:
a.Deltoideus
b.Supinator
c.Anconeus
d.Triceps brachii

A

Deltoideus

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25
Q

The bulge found between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata is the:
a.pons
b.corpora quadrigemina
c.olfactory bulb
d.thalamus

A

Pons

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26
Q

Zygomatic glands are buccal glands located medial to the zygomatic arch in:
a.Horse and cattle
b.Cattle and pig
c.Pig and cat
d.Cat and dog

A

Cat and dog

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27
Q

You need to perform ovariohysterectomy. Which of the following structures should be removed?
a.Ovaries only
b.Ovaries and uterus only
c.Ovaries and oviduct only
d.Ovaries, oviduct, and uterus

A

Ovaries, oviduct, and uterus

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28
Q

Which of the following muscle is present in horse?
a.Accessory head of the triceps brachii
b.Gluteobiceps
c.Subclavius
d.Cleidocervicalis

A

Subclavius

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29
Q

Which female animal has an ovulation fossa in the ovary?
a.Mare
b.Sow
c.Doe
d.Hen

A

Mare

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30
Q

Myenteric plexus is located in which layers of the digestive tract?
a.Tunica muscularis
b.Tunica submucosa
c.Lamina muscularis mucosae
d.Lamina propria

A

Tunica muscularis

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31
Q

The following animals have fibroelastic-type of penis, EXCEPT:
a.Boar
b.Bull
c.Buck
d.Stallion

A

Stallion

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32
Q

Nissl bodies in neurons are found in the:
a.Cell body (soma)
b.Axon terminals
c.Axon hillock
d.Anywhere in the neuron

A

Cell body (soma)

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33
Q

The adult remnant of the ductus arteriosus is the ligamentum arteriosum that connects the:
a.Pulmonary artery and vein
b.Pulmonary trunk and aorta
c.Right and left atria
d.Left and right ventricles

A

Pulmonary trunk and aorta

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34
Q

Which of the following forms the middle part of each somite?
a.Sclerotome
b.Myotome
c.Syndetome
d.Dermatome

A

Myotome

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35
Q

The following are classified as epaxial muscles, except:
a.Longus coli
b.Transversospinalis
c.Longissimus
d.Iliocostalis

A

Longus coli

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36
Q

Barker foal syndrome results from lack of production of pulmonary surfactant by which type of cells?
a.Type I pneumocytes
b.Type II pneumocytes
c.Alveolar macrophages
d.Endothelial cells

A

Type II pneumocytes

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37
Q

How will you morphologically distinguish lymphocytes from a blood smear?
a.Large, round nucleus with a thin rim of cytoplasm
b.Bilobed nucleus and blue-purple granules
c.Large, kidney-shaped nucleus with abundant cytoplasm
d.Multilobed nucleus and faint purple granules

A

Large, round nucleus with a thin rim of cytoplasm

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38
Q

Pulvini cervicales is present in the cervix of which female animals?
a.Cow
b.Sow
c.Doe
d.Ewe

A

Sow

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39
Q

Right atrium:
a.Has pectinate muscles which are the interdigitating crisscross muscle bands
b.Opens at the pulmonary trunk
c.Has chordae tendinae that anchors the cusps of the valve
d.Is where the coronary artery branches out to deliver oxygen to the heart itself

A

Has pectinate muscles which are the interdigitating crisscross muscle bands

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40
Q

Which part of the hoof is analogous to the epidermis of the skin?
Stratum tectorium
Stratum medium
Stratum internum
Stratum lamellatum

A

Stratum tectorium

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41
Q

Rhombic lips are the first evidences of the embryonic development of which organ?
cerebrum
cerebellum
hypophysis cerebri
corpora quadrigemina

A

Cerebellum

42
Q

The absence or reduction of one or more proximal limb segments often accompanied by abnormalities is called:
a.Hemimelia
b.Phocomelia
c.Ectromelia
d.Notomelia

A

Phocomelia

43
Q

When the yolk of the egg is uniformly distributed through the cytoplasm, it is classified as:
a.Oligolecithal
b.Isolecithal
c.Telolecithal
d.Mesolecithal

A

Isolecithal

44
Q

In dogs, what gives rise to the common carotid artery and right subclavian artery?
a.Aortic arch
b.Brachiocephalic trunk
c.Ascending aorta
d.Coronary artery

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

45
Q

Rouleaux formation is most commonly encountered in normal:
dogs
cattle
horses
pig

46
Q

Sectorial teeth are composed of ___.
a.Upper 4th premolar and lower 1st molar
b.Upper 1st molar and lower 3rd premolar
c.Upper and lower 1st molars
d.Upper 4th premolar and lower 3rd premolar

A

Upper 4th premolar and lower 1st molar

47
Q

A pin placed in the calcaneus to stabilize the tuber calcanei would most likely pass through tendons of the:
a.gastrocnemius and deep digital flexor
b.Gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor
c.Superficial and deep digital flexor
d.Anconeus and popliteus

A

Gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor

48
Q

The space of Disse is found in the:
a.teeth
b.cerebellum
c.kidney
d.liver

49
Q

In brain ventricles, what is the opening that connects the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle?
a.Interventricular foramina
b.Cerebral aqueduct
c.Median aperture
d.Lateral aperture

A

Interventricular foramina

50
Q

The longest part of the nephron is the:
Renal corpuscle
Proximal convoluted tubules
Distal convolutes tubules
Loop of Henle

A

Proximal convoluted tubules

51
Q

Which of the following superficial lymph nodes is normally palpable in the ox?
a.Lateral retropharyngeal l.n.
b.Axillary l.n.
c.Superficial popliteal l.n.
d.Cubital l.n.

A

Lateral retropharyngeal l.n.

52
Q

Glands of Bartholin are the ___.
a.Urethral glands
b.Endometrial glands
c.Major vestibular glands
d.Cervical glands

A

Major vestibular glands

53
Q

Skeletal muscles were derived from which embryonic germ layers?
a.endoderm
b.placoderm
c.mesoderm
d.ectoderm

54
Q

Which of the following bones forms the entire roof of the cranium in the ox and pig?
a.parietal bone
b.occipital bone
c.frontal bone
d.sphenoid bone

A

Frontal lobe

55
Q

Gastric diverticulum is the extension of the pig’s:
a.Cardia
b.Corpus
c.Fundus
d.Pylorus

56
Q

Which layer of the wall of the hoof is also known as stratum medium, constitutes the bulk of the hoof and is devoid of stratum granulosum and stratum lucidum?
a.coronary epidermis
b.perioplic epidermis
c.stratum lamellatum
d.stratum tectorium

A

Coronary epidermis

57
Q

The pelvic flexure in the colon of horses can be found in between the:
a.Right ventral colon and left ventral colon
b.Left ventral colon and left dorsal colon
c.Left dorsal colon and right dorsal colon
d.right ventral colon and right dorsal colon

A

Left ventral colon and left dorsal colon

58
Q

How many bands or teniae are found in the small intestines of horses?
a.3
b.2
c.1
d.0

59
Q

Which of the following species has a long lingual process in the basihyoid?
a.dog
b.cat
c.horse
d.ox

60
Q

The portion of adjacent sarcomeres lying to either side of the Z-line of an uncontracted myofibril is:
a.A band
b.I band
c.H band
d.M band

61
Q

Thyroid gland of domestic mammals is normally composed of two lobes except the:
a.Dog
b.Horse
c.Pig
d.Cat

62
Q

Corpora amylacea composed of cassein and tissue debris are located in:
a.Sudoriferous glands
b.Bowman’s glands
c.Sebaceous glands
d.Mammary glands

A

Mammary glands

63
Q

Duct of Wirsung is absent in which of the following animals?
a.Sheep
b.Horse
c.Cattle
d.Dog

64
Q

The ureteric bud does NOT contribute to the formation of which structure?
a.Renal pelvis
b.Glomerulus
c.Collecting duct
d.Ureter

A

Glomerulus

65
Q

Lens placodes are derived from which germ layer?
a.ectoderm
b.mesoderm
c.endoderm
d.mesenchyme

66
Q

The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is the:
a.mesocardium
b.endocardium
c.epicardium
d.myocardium

A

Epicardium

67
Q

Which lung lobe is missing in horse?
a.left cranial lobe
b.middle lobe
c.accessory lobe
d.right caudal lobe

A

Middle lobe

68
Q

Which animal has a distinct demarcation line separating the the glandular from non-glandular part of its stomach?
a.Dog
b.Horse
c.Pig
d.Cat

69
Q

The tunica media is poorly developed in:
common carotid a.artery
b.aorta
c.portal vein
d.carotid artery

A

Portal vein

70
Q

Which type of muscle tissue contains intercalated discs?
a.Skeletal muscle
b.Cardiac muscle
c.Smooth muscle
d.Visceral muscle

A

Cardiac muscle

71
Q

The following are parts of the uvea, except:
a.iris
b.ciliary body
c.cornea
d.choroid

72
Q

Hemal nodes are most likely present in which of the following animals?
a.Dog
b.Cattle
c.Pig
d.Horse

73
Q

The nuchal ligament is primarily composed of which tissue?
a.elastin
b.fibrous connective tissue
c.mesenchymal
d.dendritic

74
Q

Discrete raised areas called endometrial cups are distinguishing features of the placenta of which domestic species?
a.cat
b.pig
c.horse
d.cattle

75
Q

Which of the following embryonic structures directly forms the retina and contributes to the formation of ciliary body and iris?
a.optic cup
b.lens placode
c.optic stalk
d.hyaloid artery

A

Lens placode

76
Q

Which of the following muscles is being cut to relieve pain of hip dysplasia in dogs?
a.sartorius m.
b.gracilis m.
c.pectineus m.
d.tensor fascia latae m.

A

Pectineus m.

77
Q

Which type of glial cells support the formation of the blood-brain barrier?
a.Astrocytes
b.Oligodendrocytes
c.Microglia
d.Schwann cells

A

Astrocytes

78
Q

In a normal dog, an incision through the ventral abdominal wall, between the umbilicus and urinary bladder will most likely first reveal which structure?
a.Descending colon
b.Stomach
c.Greater omentum
d.Transverse colon

A

Greater omentum

79
Q

Which of the following is the largest lymphoid organ?
a.Liver
b.Thymus
c.Peyer’s patches
d.Spleen

80
Q

What is the common site of blood collection in pigs and horses?
a.Jugular vein
b.Cephalic vein
c.Saphenous vein
d.Brachial vein

A

Jugular vein

81
Q

Which compartment of the ruminant stomach is sometimes called the Butchers bible?
a.rumen
b.reticulum
c.omasum
d.abomasum

82
Q

Which of the following structures pass through the cribriform foramina in the ethmoid bone?
a.facial nerve
b.vestibulocochlear nerve
c.optic nerve
d.olfactory nerve

A

Olfactory nerve

83
Q

What particular organ is affected when the animal has patent urachus?
a.Eyes
b.Urinary canal
c.Blood vessels
d.Gall bladder

A

Urinary canal

84
Q

In the developing eye, the optic vesicle induces the overlying ectoderm to form the:
a.Retina
b.Cornea
c.Lens
d.Sclera

85
Q

Which animal pairs has only the brachiocephalic artery arising from the aortic arch while subclavian arteries arise from brachiocephalic trunk?
a.Horse and cattle
b.dog and cat
c.pig and horse
d.cattle and dog

A

Horse and cattle

86
Q

Which component of the spleen contains lymphoid follicles with germinal centers?
a.Red pulp
b.White pulp
c.Capsule
d.Trabeculae

A

White pulp

87
Q

In the anatomy of dog’s kidney, renal crest is present. Which of the following best describes renal crest?
a.They are the fused renal papillae
b.They are the opening to the renal sinus
c.They are the expanded proximal end of the ureter
d.They are the cup-shaped structures collecting the formed urine

A

They are the fused renal papillae

88
Q

Most growth in height of a young dog occurs in the distal portion of the humerus and femur. This growth occurs in the:
a.Physes
b.Metaphyses
c.Diaphyses
d.Articular cartilage

89
Q

The anterior chamber is located in between which of the following eye parts?
a.Cornea and sclera
b.Cornea and iris
c.Lens and iris
d.Iris and retina

A

Cornea and iris

90
Q

Which meningeal layer is directly attached to the surface of the spinal cord?
a.Tela choroidea
b.Dura mater
c.Arachnoid mater
d.Pia mater

91
Q

The acrosome already covers about two-thirds of the condensed nucleus of the spermatid during which phase of spermiogenesis?
a.Maturation phase
b.Acrosome phase
c.Golgi phase
d.Cap phase

A

Acrosome phase

92
Q

Which of the following components of the respiratory system develops first?
a.lungs
b.trachea
c.larynx
d.pharynx

93
Q

The nuchal ligament which helps support the head is absent in which domestic species?
a.horse
b.cattle
c.cat
d.pig

94
Q

Anatomically, which of the following group of dogs will most likely develop a syndrome showing difficulty in breathing?
a.Brachycephalic
b.Mesocephalic
c.Mesaticephalic
d.Dolicocephalic

A

Brachycephalic

95
Q

Which male sex accessory sex gland is missing in stallion?
a.prostate gland
b.vesicular gland
c.bulbourethral gland
d.none of the above

A

None of the above

96
Q

Where would you find brown adipose tissue in an animal’s body?
a.In the walls of large arteries
b.In the Wharton’s jelly
c.In the developing embryo
d.In hibernating animals

A

In hibernating animals

97
Q

Upon examination of the blood smear submitted to you, you observed that cells have slight anisocytosis and poikilocytosis with minimal central parlor. These are some of the normal characteristics of RBC of what animal?
a.dog
b.horse
c.goat
d.cattle

98
Q

What is the main structural unit of gas exchange in the avian lung?
a.Alveolus
b.Parabronchus
c.Air sac
d.Mesobronchus

A

Parabronchus

99
Q

Anatomically, most of the variations in the large intestine can be seen in the:
a.ascending colon
b.transverse colon
c.descending colon
d.rectum

A

Ascending colon

100
Q

When present, which of the following is often termed as the ”wolf tooth” in equine dentition?
a.Upper canine tooth
b.Upper 1st premolar
c.Lower 1st premolar
d.Last 4th premolar

A

Upper 1st premolar

1 Reviewer A - Veterinary Anatomy (7 decks)

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