Comparative Anatomy A Flashcards
The first digit in the thoracic limb of birds is often termed as:
a.Alula
b.Major digit
c.Minor digit
d.Carpometacarpal bone
Alula
What are the functional metatarsal bones of cattle?
a.Mt II and Mt IV
b.Mt III and Mt IV
c.Mt II and Mt III
d.Mt III
Mt III and Mt IV
How many spinous processes are present in the sacrum of
horse?
a.3
b.4
c.5
d.6
5
Uncinate process is a structure in which bone of which animal?
a.Mandible of dog
b.Ribs of chicken
c.Tarsals of ruminant
d.Skull of pig
Ribs of chicken
You were requested to prepare mounted skeleton of two pigs. How many sternebrae are you expecting to see?
a.6
b.10
c. 12
d.14
12
Which of the following best describes the scapula of a bird?
a.Triangular
b.Blade-like
c. Irregularly-shaped
d.Spherical
Blade-like
Which of the following does not correctly describe the humerus of each domestic animal?
a. Dog has a supratrochlear foramen at the distal end of the humerus
b.Cat has a supracondylar foramen at the medial side of the distal end of the humerus
c.Bird has pectoral crest at the proximal end of the humerus
d.Cattle has a distinct intermediate tubercle between the greater and lesser tubercles
Cattle has a distinct intermediate tubercle between the greater and lesser tubercles
In birds, the tarsometatarsal bone is composed of which of the following bones of the pelvic limb?
a.Fused central and distal tarsal bone with metatarsal II-IV bones
b.Distal tarsal bone and proximal end of the metatarsal I bone
c. Fused metatarsal I - V bones
d.All tarsal bones and all metatarsal bones
Fused central and distal tarsal bone with metatarsal II-IV bones
The opening in the medial epicondyle present only in the cat where the median nerve and blood vessels pass through is
the:
a.Supratrochear foramen
b.Foramen ovale
c.Supracondylar foramen
d.Interosseous space
Supracondylar foramen
Centroquartal bone is the fused central tarsal and 4th tarsal bone. This is present in which of the following animals?
a.Pig
b.Horse
c. Cattle
d.Dog
Cattle
Which animal has undivided cleidocephalicus muscle?
a.Horse
b.Dog
c.Pig
d.Cattle
Horse
Which of the following muscles is well-developed in horses but notably absent in dog?
a.Serratus ventralis
b.Temporalis
c.Subclavius
d.Cleidocervicalis
Subclavius
Which head of the triceps brachii is missing in horse but
present in dog?
a. Long head
b.Lateral head
c.Medial head
d.Accessory head
Accessory head
Birds musculatures are developed to perform one
unique feature which is flying. Which of the following is
responsible for the downbeat during the flapping of the
wings?
a.Supracoracoideus
b.Pectoralis
c.Biceps femoris
d.Gastrocnemius
Pectoralis
In goats, which muscle is fused with the biceps femoris to form the gluteobiceps muscle?
a.Superficial gluteal muscle
b.Middle gluteal muscle
c. Deep gluteal muscle
d.Both superficial and middle gluteal muscle
Superficial gluteal muscle
In horse, metacarpophalangeal is often referred to as the:
a.Fetlock
b.Pastern
c. Coffin
d.Hock
Fetlock
Aside from pig, what other animal lacks the acromial part of the deltoideus?
a. Dog
b.Horse
c. Cattle
d.Cat
Horse
You were asked to perform a necropsy of a pig. You are focused on the lungs and checking the trachea when you observed an “extra trachea” before the tracheal bifurcation. You can say to the owner that:
a.this is an anomaly and can be caused by teratogens
b.this is normal and it ventilates the right cranial lobe
c.this is abnormal and should be reported as a notifiable disease
d.none of the above
This is normal and it ventilates the right cranial lobe
Which animal has a distinct demarcation line separating
the the glandular from non-glandular part of its stomach?
a. Dog
b.Horse
c.Pig
d.Cat
Horse
What is the common site of blood collection in pigs and
horses?
a. Jugular vein
b.Cephalic vein
c.Saphenous vein
d.Brachial vein
Jugular vein
Which of the following compartments of ruminant
stomach is anatomically adjacent to the heart thus the
site to be checked for foreign sharp matters in case of
Hardware disease?
a.Rumen
b.Omasum
c.Abomasum
d.Reticulum
Reticulum
Which segment of the bird’s cloaca is the largest?
a.Anus
b.Urodeum
c.Proctodeum
d.Coprodeum
Coprodeum
Koilin is a yellow, internal tough covering of which of the
following structures?
a.Aorta of horse
b.Ventriculus of chicken
c. Claw of cat
d.Testes of a mature bull
Ventriculus of chicken
Which among the following domestic animals have a structure called torus pyloricus in the stomach?
a. Dogs and cats
b.Pig and ruminants
c. Horse
d.Chicken
Pig and ruminants
When present, which of the following is often termed as
the ”wolf tooth” in equine dentition?
a.Upper canine tooth
b.Upper 1st premolar
c. Lower 1st premolar
d.Last 4th premolar
Upper 1st premolar
Blockage to the caudal mesenteric artery of a horse would most likely affect which organ?
a.Spleen
b.Stomach
c. Colon
d.Liver
Colon
You were requested to collect the spleen of a cow. Where will you most likely see the spleen?
a.Between reticulum and rumen
b.Between omasum and reticulum
c.Between rumen and abomasum
d.Between omasum and abomasum
Between reticulum and rumen
You are looking for the pancreas of a chicken. Which of the following you should check?
a.Proventriculus
b.Duodenal loop
c. Liver
d.Jejunal coils
Duodenal loop
Gastric torsion is a life-threatening twisting of the stomach that occurs in dogs. Anatomically, this can be best explained by the presence of?
a.Weak falciform ligament
b.Long mesoduodenum and extensive lesser omentum
c.Very loose attachment of the esophagus with that of the cardiac part of the stomach
d.Very wide epiploic foramen
Long mesoduodenum and extensive lesser omentum
A ranula is a fluid collection or cyst that forms in the mouth under the tongue. It is filled with saliva that has leaked out of a damaged salivary gland. In dogs, which salivary gland has to be removed in case of Ranula?
a.Parotid salivary gland
b.Zygomatic salivary gland
c.Mandibular salivary gland
d.Sublingual salivary gland
Sublingual salivary gland
Which structure is missing in the large intestine of birds?
a.Cecum
b.Colon
c.Rectum
d.Cloaca
Colon
The integument around the nostrils is hairless and sharply
demarcated from the unmodified skin in all domestic
mammals, except which of the following?
a.Horse
b.Dog
c. Cat
d.Cattle
Horse
In which animal should the clinician should be extra careful
when passing a nasogastric tube to avoid the blind pouch in the nostril?
a.Horse
b.Dog
c. Cat
d.Cattle
Horse
Which animal has the least number of lung lobes?
a.Horse
b.Dog
c. Cat
d.Cattle
Horse
A fractured humerus in bird could become a site of infection
that could spread to the:
a.Caudal thoracic air sac
b.Abdominal air sac
c. Clavicular air sac
d.Cranial thoracic air sac
Clavicular air sac
Which of the following best describes the lobation of lungs among ruminants?
a. sheep and goats have divided right cranial lobe while it is undivided in cattle
b.cattle have divided right cranial lobe while it is undivided in sheep and goat
c.goat has a right middle lobe, while it is absent in sheep and cattle
d.large and small ruminants have the same lung lobation
Large and small ruminants have the same lung lobation
Philtrum can only be seen in animals with:
a.planum rostrale
b.planum nasolabiale
c.planum labiale
d.planum nasale
Planum nasale
Where can you see the cardiac notch?
a. Left atrium
b.Left lung
c.Right lung
d.Right atrium
Left lung
Birds have both reptilian and mammalian-type nephrons.
What segment is missing the in the reptilian-type nephron?
a.Collecting duct
b.Loop of Henle
c.Proximal convoluted tubule
d.Afferent arteriole
Loop of Henle
Which of the following domestic animals lack renal pelvis?
a.Horse
b.Dog
c. Cat
d.Cattle
Cattle
Which kidney of the horse is bean-shaped?
a. Left
b.Right
c.Both left and right
d.Neither left nor right
Left
Which animal has a distinct capsular vein in the kidneys?
a.Horse
b.Cat
c.Pig
d.Cattle
Cat
Except in pigs, renal impression is present on which of the following organs?
a. Liver
b.Kidney
c. Lungs
d.Spleen
Liver
Which animal has a renal papillae, renal calyx and renal
pelvis?
a.Horse
b.Dog
c.Pig
d.Cattle
Pig
Which of the following animals have both pancreatic and accessory pancreatic ducts?
a. Dog and cat
b.Cat and horse
c.Pig and cattle
d.Dog and horse
Dog and horse
Which of the following surgical procedure is not possible in birds?
a.Cystotomy
b.Ingluviotomy
c. Cloacapexy
d.Tracheotomy
Cystotomy
Which of the following animals has kidneys that are multilobar with lobated surface?
a.Horse
b.Cat
c.Pig
d.Cattle
Cattle
Which animal lacks tapetum lucidum?
a.Horse
b.Cat
c.Pig
d.Cattle
Pig
Which animal lacks nuchal ligament?
a.Horse
b.Cat
c.Pig
d.Cattle
Cat
In cat onychectomy, which phalanx is being removed?
a.First phalanx
b.Second phalanx
c.Third phalanx
d.Fourth phalanx
Third phalanx
