Embryology Flashcards
1 cm. long gland; below the hypothalamus in the sella turcica bone; has both an anterior (adenohypophysis) and posterior (neurohypophysis) parts; near optic chiasm and cavernous sinuses
Pituitary
The pituitary gland is near what structures?
Hypothalamus
Optic Chiasm
Cavernous Sinuses (CN 3, 4, 5 and 6)
During development, the Anterior Pituitary (Adenohypophysis) arises from an invagination from the (oral cavity/ hypothalamus)
Oral Cavity (“Rathke’s pouch”)
What is the special name of the invagination that the Anterior Pituitary (Adenohypophysis) comes from during development?
Rathke’s Pouch
During development, the Posterior Pituitary (Neurohypophysis) arises from an invagination from the (oral cavity/hypothalamus)
Hypothalamus
Gland at anterior of neck; has 2 lobes and midline isthmus; has 4 parathyroid glands behind it, laryngeal nerves beside it, and Jugular veins and Common Carotid arteries on both sides
Thyroid
Main blood supply for the Thyroid
INFERIOR Thyroid arteries
What anatomy surrounds the Thyroid
Parathyroid glands (behind) Laryngeal nerves Jugular veins Common Carotids Sternocleidomastoid muscle Supra/Infrahyoid muscles
Embryologic origin of the Thyroid
Foramen Cecum (junction of anterior 2/3rds and posterior 1/3rd of tongue)
Remnant of Thyroglossal duct; anterior, midline abnormality of the neck near the hyoid bone; moves with swallowing and tongue
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
Accessory Thyroid tissue on the tongue; very uncommon
Lingual Thyroid
Pair of glands located at the superior pole of each kidney; retroperitoneal; contain a cortex and medulla
Adrenal glands
Other name for Adrenal Glands
Suprarenal glands
What are the 3 layers of the Adrenal Gland Cortex (from outside in)
Zona Glomerulosa (aldosterone) Zona Fasciculata (cortisol) Zona Reticularis (androgen)
The Zona Glomerulosa secretes ______________ and is responsive to __________________
Aldosterone; Angiotensin II
