Embryology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

every gland in our body is what?

A

some type of epithelium

- an invagination of the epithelium

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2
Q

skeletal muscle is derived from?

A

SOMITES-

paraxial mesoderm

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3
Q

cardiac muscle is derived from

A

splanchnic mesoderm

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4
Q

smooth muscle is derived from?

A

splanchnic mesoderm AND surface ectoderm

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5
Q

nervous system tissue is derived from?

A

ectoderm +contributions from neural crest cells

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6
Q

schwann cells develop from?

A

neural crest cells

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7
Q

Connective tissue develops from?

A

embryonic mesenchyme - a tissue developing mainly from the mesoderm - middle layer of the embryo

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8
Q

intramembranous bone formation? how many times does it occur

A

TRICK question - only once

after it is termed remodeling process

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9
Q

when does direct ossification begin?

A

fetal period

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10
Q

mesenchyme that contributes to the formation of most of the skull and all of the facial skeleton is derived from?

A

cephalic NEURAL CREST CELLS - ECTOMENSENCYME

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11
Q

skull will not form without?

A

the brain

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12
Q

neurocranium - components and type of bone development?

A

cranial vault/ calvaria is intramembraneous bone of neural crest cell and paraxial mesoderm origin

cranial base- endochondral bone of neural crest origin and paraxial mesoderm

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13
Q

viscerocranium/face - type of bone development

A

intramembraneous bone of neural crest origin

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14
Q

masticatory apparatus - type of bone development

A

compromised of the jaw bones (intramembraneous ossification) and teeth

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15
Q

the skull is formed by…

A

intramembraneous and endochondral ossification

all through epithelium mesenchymal induction influence

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16
Q

membranous neurocranium bones

A

frontal parietal and squamous portion of the occipital bone

17
Q

mesenchymal bone cells derived from?

A

neural crest cells and somitomeres

18
Q

base of skull

A

from cartilaginous neurocranium - initially represented by several sets of paired cartilages

19
Q

cartilagenous viscerocranium

general

A

pharyngeal arch 1 and 2

20
Q

membraneous viscerocranium

general

A

maxillary process
(superficial)
maxillary process (deep)
Mandibular process

21
Q

pharyngeal arch 1

A

cartilagenous viscerocranium
meckels cartilage
malleus
incus

22
Q

pharyngeal arch II

A

cartilagenous viscerocranium
reichart’s cartilage
stapes
styloid process

23
Q

superficial maxillary process components and bone formation type

A
membranous viscerocranium
- squamous part of temporal bone 
zygomatic
maxillary
premaxillary
nasal
lacrimal
24
Q

maxillary process components and bone formation type

A

membranous viscerocranium
palatine
vomer
pterygoid

25
mandibular formation type
membranous viscerocranium
26
sutures in skull
divide the flat bones in the skull and are separated by neural crest cell derived connective tissue