Embryo

Question 1

Two types of tissue found in Meckel Diverticulum

Answer 1

Gastric and Pancreatic tissue

Question 2

What is the pathology in Hirschsprung Disease?

Answer 2

Failure of neural crest cells to migrate from the ectoderm to the hindgut to form parasympathetic ganglia. Hindgut is non-motile

Question 3

What are some foregut related birth defects and what specific group is most prone to these defects?

Answer 3

VACTERL
vertebral, anus, cardiac, tracheal, esophageal, respiratory, limb.

Embryos developing while the women are still taking progesterone/estrogen contraceptives

Question 4

Condition where the infant is born with herniated midgut contents covered by amnion.

Answer 4

Omphalocele

Question 5

Condition where the infant is born with herniated midgut contents not covered by amnion.

Answer 5

Gastroschisis

Question 6

What is a volvulus?

Answer 6

A bowel obstruction where a loop of bowel twists around its site of mesenteric attachment leading to ischemia and/or loss of innervation.

Question 7

What are the Tournoux and Rathke folds?

Answer 7

Tournoux: vertical fold that starts superior and progresses inferior to separate the urogenital tract from the anorectal tract.

Rathke: horizontal folds that start lateral and move medial to separate the urogenital tract from the anorectal tract.