EM No. 9

Question 1

Tic douloureux, also known as trigeminal neuralgia, occurs most often in the_____ branch of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 1

maxillary

Question 2

The patient falls under the category of stage I hypertension according to the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC) on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. After initiation of antihypertensive drug therapy, the follow-up is carried after how many weeks?

Answer 2

4 weeks.

Question 3

Among the antiarrhythmic drugs, which two are quite effective for suppression of digitalis-induced ventricular arrhythmias and are the preferred? drugs.

Answer 3

lidocaine and phenytoin

Question 4

This drug is used only for treatment of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias that cannot be controlled with first-line drugs such as lidocaine or procainamide.

Answer 4

Bretylium

Question 5

A standard definition for chronic bronchitis is the presence of cough and sputum production for at least how long?

Answer 5

3 months of the year for the preceding 2 years.

Question 6

The cardinal sign of_____ is pain which occurs only when the joint is in use.

Answer 6

osteoarthritis

Question 7

Which of the following category of pharmaceutical agents is commonly used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)?

Answer 7

Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists

Question 8

With the exception of factor___, all coagulation factors can be deficient in liver disease and show a need for replacement.

Answer 8

VIII

Question 9

The mechanism of the anticoagulant effect of low molecular weight heparin is

Answer 9

Forming a complex with antithrombin III. The formed complex is capable of directly inhibiting the generation of thrombin, as well as accelerating thrombin decay.

Question 10

Subarterial VSDs are commonly associated with what valvular issue?

Answer 10

AI

Question 11

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is a narrow-complex tachyarrhythmia. Sinus tachycardia is also a narrow-complex tachyarrhythmia. Ventricular fibrillation (V.F.) is a very chaotic tachyarrhythmia with no readily discernible P waves and no readily discernible QRS complexes. Asystole represents a total absence of cardiac contractions and is seen as a flat line on the monitor. Atrial fibrillation is both irregular and narrow-complex

Answer 11

KNOW THAT SHIT!

Question 12

Hemophilia B is a hereditary coagulation disorder caused by a deficiency of what plasma protein?

Answer 12

FACTOR IX

Question 13

It is characterized by abnormal diastolic filling, with normal or decreased diastolic volume of the ventricular chamber - which cardiomyopathy?

Answer 13

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) - it may be seen with diseases such as amyloidosis, hemosiderosis, hypereosinophilia, and endocardial fibroelastosis.

Question 14

is the most common form of cardiomyopathy, and pathophysiologically is characterized by depressed systolic function and systolic pump failure, and cardiomegaly

Answer 14

Dilated cardiomyopathy - A reduction in left ventricular contractile force leads to decreased cardiac output, resulting in increased residual volumes in end-systole and end-diastole. Low cardiac output causes stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin axis, leading to release of vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide. This further leads to the decrease in the cardiac output.

Question 15

hild has moderate persistent asthma, which according to current guidelines would require what meds to control frequent daytime and nocturnal sx?

Answer 15

orticosteroid anti-inflammatory therapy with adjunctive long-acting beta two-agonist therapy

Question 16

what are the most common causes of infective endocarditis in regular pts? in IV drugs users?

Answer 16

Streptococcus viridans is the most common cause of infective endocarditis (IE) followed by Staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus. In intravenous drug users, the most common organisms are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, viridans streptococci, and enterococcus.

Question 17

I say there is wheezing and pink frothy sputum - you say?

Answer 17

pulmonary edema

Question 18

The method of choice for returning the International Normalized Ratio (INR) to the desired range depends on whether there is any clinically significant bleeding and on the degree of elevation of the INR. If the INR is less than 5.0 and there is no clinically significant bleeding - what should be done?

Answer 18

the next dose of warfarin (Coumadin) should be omitted and the maintenance dose should be reduced.

Question 19

The method of choice for returning the International Normalized Ratio (INR) to the desired range depends on whether there is any clinically significant bleeding and on the degree of elevation of the INR. If the INR is between 5.0 and 9.0 and no clinically significant bleeding is present, - what should be done?

Answer 19

stop the warfarin (Coumadin) temporarily and consider a small dose of oral vitamin K. Oral vitamin K works faster than subcutaneous vitamin K.

Question 20

refers to the altered structure (hypertrophy or dilatation) and/or impaired function of the right ventricle that results from pulmonary hypertension PHTN that is associated with diseases outside the heart , of the lung (eg, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), vasculature (eg, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension), upper airway (eg, obstructive sleep apnea), or chest wall (eg, kyphoscoliosis).

Answer 20

Cor pulmonale