EM No. 2

Question 1

what does ASD do to S2?

Answer 1

fixed split S2

Question 2

what is the splitting abnormality of S2 that involves splitting on expiration?

Answer 2

paradoxical splitting

Question 3

what is the splitting abnormality associated with a split heard on both inspiration and expiration?

Answer 3

fixed splitting

Question 4

i say right ventricular dysfunction you say what about s2 splitting abnormalities?

Answer 4

fixed splitting

Question 5

i say pansystolic murmur you say? (2)

Answer 5

MR and TR

Question 6

i say Mid-systolic ejection murmurs you say? (2)

Answer 6

AS and PS

Question 7

I say late systolic murmur you say?

Answer 7

MVP

Question 8

AS disappears over the sternum and then reappears at the apex (mimicking MR) - what is the phenomenon called?

Answer 8

Gallavardin

Question 9

what does the handgrip maneuver do?

Answer 9

The handgrip maneuver increases afterload by squeezing the arterioles and increasing Total Peripheral Resistance. This is similar to the squatting maneuver (which also increases preload). The main difference is that the hand grip test does not increase venous return.

Question 10

which two murmurs are typically increased with the handgrip maneuver?

Answer 10

AR and MR

Question 11

hyponatremia and low urinary sodium equals ?

Answer 11

psychogenic polydipsia

Question 12

deficiency is an inherited disorder that can cause lung disease in adults and liver disease in adults and children.

Answer 12

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency

Question 13

what is the most common cause of secondary HTN in the elderly?

Answer 13

renal artery stenosis

Question 14

i say diastolic bruit in the epigastrum that radiates laterally - you say?

Answer 14

renal artery stenosis

Question 15

how do you differentiate the systolic ejection crescendo decrescendo mumurs of HOCM and AS?

Answer 15

HOCM does nOT radiate to the neck