EM FA Flashcards
Corticosteroid side effects
Acute mania, immunosuppression, thin skin, osteoporosis, easy bruising, myopathies
DTs treatment
Benzos
Acetominophen OD treatment
N-acetylcysteine
Opioid OD treatment
Naloxone
Benzo OD treatment
Flumazenil
Treatment for NMS and malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
Malignant HTN treatment
Nitroprusside
A Fib treatment
Rate control, rhythm conversion, anticoagulation
SVT treatment
If stable, rate control with carotid massage or other vagal stimulation. If unsuccessful, adenosine.
Causes of drug-induced SLE
INH, penicillamine, hydralyzine, procainamide, chlorpromazine, methyldopa, quinidine
Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia causes. Which has neurologic symptoms?
Folate and B12 (neuro).
Burn pt with cherry-red, flushed skin and coma. Sao2 normal. Elevated carboxyhemoglobin. Treatment?
Treat CO poisoning with 100% 02 or hyperbaric (severe or if pt is pregnant).
Blood in the urethral meatus or high riding prostate
Bladder rupture or urethral injury
Test to rule out urethral injury
Retrograde cystourethrogram
Radiographic evidence of aortic disruption or dissection
Widened mediastium (> 8 cm), loss of aortic knob, pleural cap, tracheal deviation to the right, depression of left main stem bronchus
Radiographic indications for acute abdomen surgery
Free air under diaphragm, extravasation of contrast, severe dis tension, space-occupying lesion (CT), mesenteric occlusion (angiography)
Burn-related infections
Pseudomonas
Calculation for burn pt fluid repletion
Parkland formula 4 x kg x % BSA
Acceptable UOP in trauma pt
50 cc/hr
UOP in stable pt
30 cc/hr
Signs of neurogenic shock
Hypotension and bradycardia
Signs of ICP (Cushing’s triad)
Hypertension, bradycardia, abnormal respirations
Low CO, low PCWP, high PVR. Treatment?
Hypovolemic shock. Identify cause. Fluid and blood repletion
Low CO, high PCWP, high PVR. Treatment?
Cardiogenic (or obstructive) shock. Identify cause, pressors (dopamine)
Inc CO, low PCWP and PVR. Treatment?
Septic or anaphylactic shock. Fluids and Abx
Treatment for anaphylactic shock
Diphenhydramjne or epi 1:1000.
Supportive treatment for ARDS
Continuous positive airway pressure
Signs of air embolism
A patient with chest trauma who was previously stable suddenly dies
Signs of cardiac tamponade
Distended neck veins, hypotension, diminished heart sounds (beck’s triad), pulsus paradoxus
Class of drugs that cause muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, extrapyramidal symptoms
Antipsychotics (NMS)
Absent breath sounds, dullness to percussion, shock, flat neck veins
Massive hemothorax
Absent breath sounds, tracheal deviation, shock, distended neck veins
Tension pneumothorax
Treatment for blunt or penetrating abd trauma in hemodynamically unstable pts
Immediate exploratory laparotomy
Inc ICP in alcoholics or the elderly following head trauma. Acute or chronic; crescent shape on CT
Subdural hematoma
Head trauma and immediate loss of consciousness followed by lucid interval then rapid deterioration. Convex on CT
Epidural hematoma
