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Step 2 > CV FA > Flashcards

CV FA Flashcards

1
Q

Def’n of unstable angina

A

Angina that is new, worsening, or occurring at rest.

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2
Q

Which antihypertensive is used in diabetics with proteinuria?

A

ACEi

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3
Q

What is Beck’s Triad for cardiac tamponade?

A

JVD, distant heart sounds, hypotension

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4
Q

Which drugs slow heart rate?

A

Beta blockers, CCB, digoxin, amiodarone

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5
Q

Which hypercholesterolemia treatment leads to flushing and pruritis?

A

Niacin

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6
Q

What is characteristic of a HOCM murmur?

A

Systolic ejection murmur along lateral sternal border that inc with dec preload

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7
Q

Aortic insufficiency murmur

A

Diastolic, decrescendo low pitched, blowing. Inc with inc afterload (sitting up)

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8
Q

Aortic stenosis murmur

A

Systolic crescendo/decrescendo radiating to the neck; inc with inc preload

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9
Q

Mitral regurg murmur

A

A holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilaa; inc with inc afterload

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10
Q

Mitral stenosis murmur

A

A diastolic mid to late low pitched murmur with opening snap

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11
Q

Treatment for A Fib and A flutter

A

Cardioversion if unstable. Rate control with CCB or Beta blocker if stable/chronic.

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12
Q

V Fib treatment

A

Immediate cardioversion

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13
Q

Dressler’s syndrome

A

Autoimmune reaction with fever, pericarditis, and inc ESR 2-4 weeks post-MI

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14
Q

IV drug use with JVD and a holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border. treatment?

A

Treat existing HF and replace tricuspid valve

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15
Q

Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

ECHO (thickened LV wall and outflow obstruction)

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16
Q

Pulsus paradoxus

A

seen in cardiac tamponade, a dec of systolic BP by > 10 with inspiration

17
Q

Classic ECG findings in pericarditis

A

Low voltage diffuse ST segment elevation

18
Q

Eight correctable causes of HTN

A

renal artery stenosis, aortic coarctation, pheo, Conn’s syndrome, Cushing’s, unilateral renal parenchymal disease, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism

19
Q

“Sawtooth” P waves

A

Atrial flutter

20
Q

Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mads and bruit

A

Abd US and CT

21
Q

When to repair an aortic aneurysm

A

> 5.5 cm, rapid enlargement, symptomatic, or ruptured

22
Q

Treatment for acute coronary syndrome

A

ASA, heparin, clopidogrel, morphine, sublingual nitroglycerin, IV beta blockers

23
Q

Metabolic syndrome

A

Abd obesity, high TG, low LDL, hypertension, insulin resistance, prothrombic or proinflammatory states

24
Q

Appropriate test for 50 yr old man with stable angina who can exercise to 85% of max HR

A

Exercise stress treadmill with ECG

25
Q

Appropriate test for 65 yo woman with LBBB and sever osteoarthritis with unstable angina

A

Pharmacologic stress test (dobutamine)

26
Q

Target LDL in diabetic pt

A
27
Q

Signs of ischemia during stress testing

A

Angina, ST changes, dec BP

28
Q

ECG findings suggestive of MI

A

ST elevation (ischemia = depression), flattened T waves, Q waves

29
Q

Coronary territories in MI

A 
Anterior= LAD/diagonal
Inferior=PDA
posterior= left circumflex/oblique
RCA= marginal
Septum= LAD/diagonal
30
Q

Young pt with angina at rest and ST elevation with normal cardiac enzymes

A

Prinzmetal’s angina

31
Q

Common symptoms associated with silent MI

A

cHF, shock, AMS

32
Q

Diagnostic test for PE

A

Spiral CT with contrast

33
Q

What does Protamine do?

A

Reverse heparin

34
Q

Warfarin inc which coagulation test?

A

PT (prothrombin time)

35
Q

Endocarditis prophylaxis

A

Amox for oral surgery; not recommended in GU/GI cases

36
Q

Virchow’s triad

A

Stasis, hypercoagulopathy, endothelial damage

37
Q

Most common cause of HTN in young women? Young men?

A

OCPs; excessive EtOH

38
Q

Water bottle shaped heart

A

Pericardial effusion. Evaluate for pulsus paradoxus

39
Q

Figure 3 sign

A

Aortic coarctation

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