Elsevier’s Medical Laboratory Science Examination Review (CHAPTER REVIEW) Flashcards
1.Natural barriers of the immune system include all except which of the
following?
a. pH of secretions
b. Coughing
c. Hair Follicles
d. Intestinal bacteria
c. Hair Follicles
- The fundamental difference between primary and secondary organs of the lymphatic system is:
a. Antibody production occurs only in the primary lymph organs
b. Complement production occurs only in the primary lymph organs
c. Maturation of lymphocytes occurs in secondary organs, and activation occurs in primary organs
d. Maturation of lymphocytes occurs in primary organs, and activation occurs in secondary organs
d. Maturation of lymphocytes occurs in primary organs, and activation occurs in secondary organs
- Toll-like receptors act in which way?
a. Enhance recognition of bacteria by phagocytic cells
b. Activate B cells to produce antibody
c. Activate helper T cells
d. Aid in processing antigen in the form of an MHC molecule
a. Enhance recognition of bacteria by phagocytic cells
- Neutrophils and monocytes have receptors for which part of the
immunoglobulin molecule?
a. Fc
b. Fab
c. Hinge region
d. Variable region
a. Fc
- One B-cell marker of early-stage B-cell development is _____, whereas ____ is a marker for later stages of B-cell development.
a. CD20; CD10
b. CD21; CD10
c. CD10; CD20
d. CD19; CD10
c. CD10; CD20
- A double-positive T cell would express which markers?
a. CD4+ CD8+ CD3+
b. CD4 CD8+ CD3+
c. CD4- CD8- CD3-
d. CD4+ CD8- CD3+
a. CD4+ CD8+ CD3+
- Which cell is considered to be a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems?
a. NK cell
b. Mast cell
c. Monocyte-macrophage
d. T cell
a. NK cell
- _______ are involved in cell-mediated immunity, whereas _______ are involved in humoral immunity.
a. T cells; B cells
b. T cells; antibodies
c. B cells; T cells
d. A and B
d. A and B
- Antigens that make very good immunogens include which of the
following?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a or b
b. Proteins
- The function of the complement system include(s) which of the following?
a. Clearance of cellular debris
b. Chemotaxis
c. Lysis of bacteria
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- When C3 is cleaved by C3 convertase, what is the result?
a. C3a is released
b. C3b is used as an opsonin
c. C3b is combined with other complement proteins to form C5
convertase
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- Characteristics of cytokines include which of the following?
a. They can have a pleomorphic effect
b. Cytokines are redundant
c. Cytokines enhance cellular differentiation of lymphocytes
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- Immunoglobulin idiotypes are antibodies with variations in the domains of which of the following?
a. CH1 and CH2
b. VH and VL
c. VH and CL
d. CH1, CH2, and CH3
b. VH and VL
- Mannose-binding lectin is similar to which component of the classical pathway?
a. C3
b. C2
c. C1q
d. C5a
c. C1q
- A patient with a viral infection to the ABC virus is found to have a high antibody titer to the ABC virus’s RNA, or anti-ABCr. Which of the following is true?
a. MHC class I molecules presented antigen to CD4+ T cells
b. MHC class II molecules presented antigen to CD8+ T cells
c. MHC class I molecules presented antigen to CD8+ T cells
d. MHC class II molecules presented antigen to CD4+ T cells
c. MHC class I molecules presented antigen to CD8+ T cells
- What is the main difference between agglutination and precipitation reactions?
a. Agglutination occurs between a soluble antigen and antibody
b. Agglutination occurs when the antigen is particulate
c. Precipitation occurs when the antigen is particulate
d. Precipitation occurs when both antigen and antibody are
particulate
b. Agglutination occurs when the antigen is particulate
- Postzone causes false-negative reactions in antibody titers as a result of which of the following?
a. Too much diluent added to test
b. Excess antibody in test
c. Excess antigen in test
d. Incorrect diluent added to test
c. Excess antigen in test
- Antibodies produced against two or more epitopes of specific antigen are considered ____________.
a. Monoclonal
b. Pleomorphic
c. Dimorphic
d. Polyclonal
d. Polyclonal
- In the radial immunodiffusion test, the gel contains which of the following?
a. The antigen to be tested
b. Antibody
c. Patient sample
d. None of the above; the gel is the medium to which the antibody and antigen are applied in equal proportion
b. Antibody
- Which statement is true regarding the radial immunodiffusion test?
a. The area of the precipitin ring is directly proportional to the concentration of antigen in the sample
b. The area of the precipitin ring is directly proportional to the concentration of antibody in the sample
c. The area of the precipitin ring is directly proportional to the
concentration antibody and the antigen in the sample
d. The area of the precipitin ring indicates a partial identity to the
antibody in the sample
a. The area of the precipitin ring is directly proportional to the concentration of antigen in the sample