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MYCOVIROLOGY MTAP 1 > Elsevier’s Medical Laboratory Science Examination Review (CHAPTER REVIEW) > Flashcards

Elsevier’s Medical Laboratory Science Examination Review (CHAPTER REVIEW) Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which of the following terms is best described as the process of reproduction in yeast that begins with a weakening and outpouching of the yeast cell wall and then formation of a cell wall
    septum between the mother and daughter yeast cells?

a. Binary fission
b. Unisexual division
c. Budding
d. Outpouch germing

A

c. Budding

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2
Q
  1. The loose intertwined network of basic structural units of the molds that penetrates the substrate from which it obtains the necessary nutrients for growth is called which of the following?

a. Hyphae
b. Germ tubes
c. Pseudohyphae
d. Mycelium

A

d. Mycelium

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3
Q
  1. The term hyaline molds is used to describe which of the following?

a. Molds that have septate hyphae
b. Molds that have septate, non pigmented hyphae
c. The presence of pigmentation within the hyphae or the spores
d. Molds with intercalated hyaline chlamydoconidia

A

c. The presence of pigmentation within the hyphae or the spores

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3
Q
  1. A Scotch tape preparation is made from a mold growing on solid media in the mycology laboratory. The structure shown in the image is best described as which of the following?

a. Sporangium
b. Blastoconidia
c. Ascospores
d. Conidiophore

A

d. Conidiophore

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4
Q
  1. Large, usually multiseptated and club-shaped or spindle shaped spores are called which of the following?

a. Microconidia
b. Macroconidia
c. Conidiophores
d. Phialides

A

b. Macroconidia

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5
Q
  1. A patient with Wood’s lamp–positive, dermatophytic infection has a skin scraping taken for culture. The organism grows on
    SDA agar with a light-tan front and salmon-colored reverse. Microscopically the organism produces rare distorted macroconidia and rare microconidia. Additionally, there was no growth on sterile rice media. What is the most likely organism?

a. Microsporum canis
b. Microsporum gypseum
c. Microsporum audouinii
d. Epidermophyton floccosum

A

c. Microsporum audouinii

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6
Q
  1. A KOH preparation of respiratory secretions of a 78 year-old man reveals large, spherical, thick-walled yeast cells 8 to 15 mm in diameter, usually with a single bud that is connected to the parent cell by a broad base. Which fungus will likely be isolated from the culture?

a. Coccidioides immitis
b. Blastomyces dermatitidis
c. Histoplasma capsulatum
d. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

A

b. Blastomyces dermatitidis

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7
Q
  1. Which of the following is a key characteristic of Coccidioides immitis?

a. Has a higher dissemination rate in white females
b. Is endemic in the northeastern United States
c. Produces endosporulating spherules in tissue
d. Forms foot cells

A

c. Produces endosporulating spherules in tissue

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8
Q
  1. Using PAS to stain a respiratory specimen from a patient with lung disease, the technologists observed the organisms in the
    image. Based on the microscopic morphology shown in the image, the most likely identification of the dimorphic fungi is which of the following?

a. Blastomyces dermatitidis
b. Coccidioides immitis
c. Histoplasma capsulatum
d. Sporothrix schenckii

A

a. Blastomyces dermatitidis

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9
Q
  1. A landscaper noticed a hard, unmovable lump under the skin of his index finger but decided to ignore it. A month later, the
    lump ulcerated to present a necrotic appearance, and two more lesions developed further up the wrist and forearm. A histologic stain of material from deep in the lesions showed elongated yeast cells resembling cigars. What disease is suspected?

a. Mycetoma
b. Sporotrichosis
c. Chromoblastomycosis
d. Blastomycosis

A

b. Sporotrichosis

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10
Q
  1. Which of the following is a key characteristic by which an unknown Cryptococcus spp. can be identified as Cryptococcus neoformans?

a. Appearance of yellow colonies
b. Positive urease test
c. Presence of a capsule
d. Positive niger seed agar test

A

d. Positive niger seed agar test

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10
Q
  1. A germ tube–negative yeast is isolated in the laboratory. The isolate is found to be negative for urease and unable to assimilate
    dextrose, maltose, or sucrose. CMT agar morphology showed blastoconidia only. The organism is most likely:

a. Candida albicans
b. Candida parapsilosis
c. Torulopsis glabrata
d. Geotrichum candidum

A

c. Torulopsis glabrata

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11
Q
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the germ tube test is true?

a. Using a heavy inoculum enhances the rapid production of germ tubes
b. Germ tubes should be read after 2 hours of incubation at 25 C
c. Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis can be used as positive and negative controls, respectively
d. Serum will be stable for 1 year if stored at room temperature

A

c. Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis can be used as positive and negative controls, respectively

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12
Q
  1. An immunocompromised patient exhibited fever, nonproductive cough, and shortness of breath. Routine and fungal cultures did not grow. The respiratory specimen was stained with a silver stain in anatomic pathology. Based on the microscopic morphology in the image, what is the most likely identification of this organism?

a. Pneumocystis jiroveci
b. Saccharomyces sp.
c. Candida albicans
d. Cryptococcus sp.

A

a. Pneumocystis jiroveci

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13
Q
  1. A significant amount of yeast was isolated from a vaginal culture of a patient in the teen clinic of your hospital. It exhibited
    the following characteristics:

Microscopic: Clusters of blastoconidia along pseudohyphae, terminal
chlamydoconidia
Positive germ tube
Positive sucrose

Which of the following is the most likely identification of this fungi?
(Image from primary plate, gram-stained smear, 40 x)

a. Rhodotorula rubra
b. Candida albicans
c. Geotrichum candidum
d. Trichosporon beigelii

A

b. Candida albicans

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14
Q
  1. The pharmacy at your hospital was concerned about the hyperalimentation fluid they were preparing. The high lipid contact was a concern for contamination. A PAS stain of the suspect fluid is shown. Which of the following organisms would most likely demonstrate this morphology?

a. Candida albicans
b. Malassezia furfur
c. Trichosporon cutaneum
d. Scedosporium apiospermum

A

b. Malassezia furfur

15
Q
  1. Several important types of conidiation of dematiaceous fungi exist. The image is an example of which one of these forms (Lactophenol cotton blue stain.)

a. Cladosporium type
b. Phialophora type
c. Rhinocladiella type
d. Rinderpest type

A

c. Rhinocladiella type

16
Q
  1. A mold isolated in the laboratory displays a white cottony macroscopic morphology. On microscopic evaluation, hyaline, septate hyphae, and “toothbrush”-like conidiophres are seen. The most likely organism is which of the following?

a. Aspergillus sp.
b. Acremonium sp.
c. Gliocladium sp.
d. Scopulariopsis sp.

A

b. Acremonium sp.

17
Q
  1. A mold is isolated in the laboratory that displays a velvety, gray-green colony morphology. On microscopic evaluation,
    flask-shaped conidiophores arranged in a brushlike formation are seen. The most likely organism is which of the following?

a. Penicillium sp.
b. Acremonium sp.
c. Paecilomyces sp.
d. Scopulariopsis sp.

A

a. Penicillium sp.

18
Q
  1. The protein coat that surrounds the nucleic acid of a virion is called which of the following?

a. Capsomere
b. Capsid
c. Capsule
d. Nucleocapsid

A

b. Capsid

18
Q
  1. A patient who underwent solid organ transplant appears to have systemic fungemia. The organism that has grown from the blood cultures macroscopically had a blue green color to the colony, matured in 3 days, and grew well at 45C. Microscopically, foot cells were seen and the phialides were uniserate with a round
    vesicle and columnar conidia. Which of the following is the most likely identification of this mold?

a. Aspergillus fumigatus
b. Aspergillus niger
c. Scopulariopsis sp.
d. Fusarium sp.

A

a. Aspergillus fumigatus

19
Q
  1. During viral assembly, how are viral envelopes acquired?

a. By production of envelope constituents by host cellular DNA
b. As the virion buds from a host cell membrane
c. Through replication of viral nucleic acid
d. As host cell lysis produces many membrane fragments

A

b. As the virion buds from a host cell membrane

20
Q
  1. Which of the following viruses are thought to predominately cause gastroenteritis?

a. Hepadnaviruses
b. Filoviruses
c. Noroviruses
d. Arboviruses

A

c. Noroviruses

21
Q
  1. Which of the following groups contains the SARS virus?

a. Calicivirus
b. Coronavirus
c. Flavivirus
d. Filovirus

A

b. Coronavirus

21
Q
  1. Prions are best described by which of the following?

a. Infectious viral RNA without capsid proteins
b. Infectious protein with no associated nucleic acid
c. Infectious viral DNA without capsid proteins
d. Nonenveloped virus highly resistant to heat and chemical inactivation

A

b. Infectious protein with no associated nucleic acid

22
Q
  1. The viral nucleocapsid always contains which of the following?

a. Viral genome
b. Virus-encoded glycoprotein
c. Virus-encoded polymerase
d. Viral envelope

A

a. Viral genome

23
Q
  1. The test of choice and most sensitive assay for use with CSF to diagnose aseptic meningitis caused by enterovirus is which of the following?

a. Cell culture
b. PCR
c. Antigenemia immunoassay
d. Shell vial assay

A

b. PCR

23
Q
  1. Which of the following groups of virus is best described as:

*ssRNA, enveloped,
*Pleomorphic/spherical capsid
*Large club-shaped spikes on surface gives “corona” effect
*Causes approximately 15% of coldlike illness

a. Influenza A
b. Influenza B
c. Coronaviruses
d. Pneumovirus

A

c. Coronaviruses

24
Q
  1. Which of the following is the specimen of choice for detecting rotavirus?

a. Throat swab
b. Urine sample
c. Bronchoalveolar wash
d. Feces sample

A

d. Feces sample

25
Q
  1. A specimen from a genital lesion was inoculated into a standard of cells for virus isolation. On day 1 the human foreskin
    fibroblasts exhibited the CPE shown in the figure.

a. Herpes simplex virus
b. Adenovirus
c. Cytomegalovirus
d. Epstein-Barr virus

A

a. Herpes simplex virus

MYCOVIROLOGY MTAP 1 (8 decks)

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