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History > Elizabeth Section 3 > Flashcards

Elizabeth Section 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were Jesuits?

A

Catholic priests trained to convert people back to Catholicism

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2
Q

When did Jesuits begin to arrive in England?

A

The 1580’s

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3
Q

Where did Jesuits train?

A

Special Seminaries in Catholic countries (like Spain, France and Italy)

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4
Q

Who was the leader of the Jesuits in England?

A

Edmund Campion

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5
Q

Who hid Campion and around 100 other Jesuits?

A

Wealthy Catholics hid Jesuits in priest holes

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6
Q

Who was Francis Walsingham?

A

A privy councillor

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7
Q

What did Francis Walsingham do?

A

. Developed an effective spy network
. Had hundreds of agents tracking Jesuits and Catholic plotters
. Employed priest hunters to catch catholic priests

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8
Q

When was Campion caught?

A

1581

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9
Q

What happened to Campion after he was caught?

A

He was hanged, drawn and quartered

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10
Q

Who was Mary Queen of Scots?

A

Elizabeth’s Catholic cousin

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11
Q

Why did Mary come to England?

A

She was forced to flee a protestant rebellion in Scotland

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12
Q

When was she put in prison in England?

A

1568

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13
Q

Why did Mary’s presence in England a threat to Elizabeth?

A

. Mary had a strong claim to the throne:
- Mary was Henry VIII’s great-niece and Elizabeth’s cousin
- People believed Mary’s claim to the throne was more legitimate
- Mary had a son and heir
. Mary was a figurehead of Catholic rebellion:
- Until Elizabeth had an heir, Mary was next in line to the throne
- This encouraged Catholics to rebel
. Mary had powerful foreign support:
- Philip of Spain, France, and the Pope plotted to put Mary on throne

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14
Q

Why did Elizabeth refuse to execute Mary?

A

. Mary was her cousin
. Elizabeth did not want to execute a fellow Queen

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15
Q

When did the Throckmorton plot take place?

A

1583

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16
Q

What happened in the Throckmorton plot?

A

A young Catholic noble, Throckmorton, plotted with the French to invade England.

17
Q

Who supported the Throckmorton plot?

A

The Pope and Philip of Spain

18
Q

Who uncovered the Throckmorton plot?

A

Walsingham’s spies

19
Q

What happened to Throckmorton after the plot was uncovered?

A

He was tortured and executed

20
Q

When did the Babington plot take place?

A

1586

21
Q

What happened in the Babington plot?

A

Babington, a young Catholic noble, plotted with Philip of Spain and the French to invade England

22
Q

How did Babington communicate with Mary?

A

Babington hid coded letters in beer barrels that went into Mary’s prisons

23
Q

Who discovered the system?

A

Walsingham, but waited until he had proof of Mary’s involvement

24
Q

When was Mary Queen of Scots executed?

A

1587

25
Q

Who manipulated Elizabeth into signing Mary’s death warrant?

A

Cecil and Walsingham

26
Q

When did the Anglo-Spanish war break out?

A

In the 1580’s

27
Q

When were the Spanish Armada launched?

A

1588

28
Q

Why did the war break out?

A

. Elizabeth refused to marry Philip of Spain
. English travellers stole from Spanish treasure ships
. Philip supported Catholic plots against Elizabeth
. Elizabeth helped the Netherlands when they were fighting against Philip’s army

29
Q

How many ships were in the Spanish Armada?

A

130

30
Q

How many ships made it back to Spain after never arriving in England?

A

80

31
Q

Why did the Armada fail?

A

. The leader, Duke of Medina Sidonia had no experience of sailing and got sick
. The Spanish army was a week late leaving them vulnerable
. The English used fireships to break the Spanish’s formation
. The English ships were smaller and and more agile
. The weather was bad and 40 ships were shipwrecked off of Scotland and Ireland

32
Q

What happened to the other two Armadas Philip sent in the 1590’s?

A

They were both wrecked by storms

History (11 decks)

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