Elizabeth Section 1 Flashcards
Who was Elizabeth’s father?
King Henry VIII
Who was Elizabeth’s grandfather?
King Henry VII
Who was Elizabeth’s brother?
Edward VI
Who was Elizabeth’s sister?
Mary
Who was Elizabeth’s mother?
Anne Boleyn - Henry’s second wife
When did Mary die?
1558
How did Elizabeth inherit the throne?
Mary died
How did Anne Boleyn die?
She was beheaded
Why did people question if Elizabeth’s claim to the throne was legitimate?
Henry VIII annulled his marriage with Anne Boleyn
What kind of society was 16th century Britain? What effect did this have on people’s trust in Elizabeth as a monarch?
Patriarchal. This meant people didn’t think she was reliable and could lead armies into battle.
What year did Elizabeth become queen?
1558
How much debt did she inherit?
£300,000
What did Elizabeth do to make this money?
She raised taxes
What did she also need money for?
Raising an army and navy to defend England
What were features of protestant churches?
Plain walls, Wooden altars
What were features of catholic churches?
Colourful images, decorated altars
Who challenged catholic beliefs in the reformation?
Protestants, Puritans (Extreme Protestants) took it even further
What was Elizabeth (Religion)?
Protestant
What was England divided by?
Religion
What was the risk if Elizabeth banned Catholicism?
Most English people were still Catholic so could rebel
What areas of England were most Catholic?
Rural areas - mostly North and West England
Which religion was in more powerful positions?
There were Protestant and Puritan MP’s and Privy councillors who pressured Elizabeth into making England more Protestant
Which two European Countries (Superpowers) were considered strongly Catholic?
France and Spain
What did they threaten Elizabeth with?
Invading England if she did not return it back to a Catholic country
Where needed Elizabeth/England to remain protestant?
The Netherlands
When did Elizabeth release her Religious Settlement?
1559
What did Elizabeth’s religious settlement include?
Both Protestant and Catholic features
What was the religious settlement known as?
The middle way
What Catholic features did the settlement include?
Churches could be highly decorated and priests had to wear vestments
What Protestant features did the settlement include?
Elizabeth was the head of the church and all churches had to have an English bible
Who refused to attend church every Sunday and what was the punishment?
Recusants - they were fined
Who was the head of the catholic church?
The Pope
Who was the head of the protestant church?
The Monarch
Who was the leader of the puritan church?
Nobody
Who should run the catholic church?
Archbishops and bishops
Who should run the protestant church?
Archbishops and bishops
Who should run the puritan church?
Elected Committees
What language should the bible be in for Catholics?
Latin
What language should the bible be in for both Protestants and Puritans?
English
What should churches look like inside for Catholics?
Decorated
What should churches look like inside for Protestants and Puritans?
Plain and Simple
Should priests wear vestments in catholic churches?
Yes
Should priests wear vestments in protestant and puritan churches?
No
What got you into heaven? - Catholicism
Good Works
What got you into heaven? - Protestantism and Puritanism
Belief in God
When did opposition to the religious settlement become a problem?
1580
What caused the threat of opposition to increase?
The Pope stated it would not be a sin to kill Elizabeth in 1580
What did Catholics do that worried Elizabeth (MQS)?
Catholics began to plot to make Mary Queen of Scots the Catholic Queen of England
What did Philip of Spain plan to do?
Invade England
How did Elizabeth’s government respond to this? (fine)(1581)
Raised fine for recusancy to £20
How did Elizabeth’s government respond to this? (penalty)(1585)
They introduced death penalty for anyone sheltering a catholic priest
How did Elizabeth’s government respond to this? (law)(1593)
They banned Catholics from travelling more than 5 miles away from their home
What were the results of this treatment to Catholics?
Population of 3 million in 1558 dropped to 40,000 by 1603
