Elite Athletes

Question 1

What factors make an elite athlete?

List 5

Answer 1

• Successful
• Genetics
• Fitness
• Psychological factors
• Skill acquisition

Question 2

Describe genetics

Answer 2

Genetics are formed before we are born and determine our general shape and fitness characteristics. This includes height, weight, BMI, and the proportion of fast and slow twitch muscle fibres. Genetics are how you respond to training programs

Question 3

Describe fitness

Answer 3

General term that is used to describe health and the ability to perform daily activities. Different types of fitness have more or less importance in different sports. Eg speed, strength, endurance

Question 4

Describe psychological factors

Answer 4

Mental processes involved in behaviour. Factors of motivation, concentration, competitiveness, spirit,aggressive traits, and determination to be successful.

Question 5

Describe skill acquisition

Answer 5

People who rapidly learn and refine skills and others who take much longer. Everyone can improve, but only a few ever reach high levels of skill development to compete to be at the top of their sport

Question 6

List the fitness components (10)

Answer 6

Muscular endurance 
Coordination
Agility
Balance
Flexibility
Body composition
Speed
Stamina
Strength
Power

Question 7

What is muscular endurance, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 7

Muscular endurance is the ability of your muscles to produce small sub maximal efforts repeatedly or for a sustain d amount of time
1km kayak race
Curl ups and push ups can test muscular endurance

Question 8

What is coordination, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 8

Coordination is the ability to perform skills fluently and accurately
Juggling, basketball, cricket, tennis
Alternate hand wall toss

Question 9

What is agility, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 9

Agility is the ability to change directions quickly
Dodging in netball, basketball and tennis
Shuttle run

Question 10

What is balance, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 10

The ability to control your body positions when moving or stationary
Performing on the balance beam and surfing, snow boarding
Stork stand test

Question 11

What is flexibility, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 11

Flexibility is the ability of your muscles tendons and ligaments to stretch to enable a large range of movement at a joint
Performing calisthenics, gymnastics, dancing, martial, arts
Sit and reach test

Question 12

What is body composition, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 12

The different % makeup of bone muscle and fat in the body.
Females 20% body fat
Males 12% body fat
BMI test

Question 13

What is speed, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 13

Speed is the ability to move your body quickly
Sprinting
50 metre sprint

Question 14

What is stamina, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 14

Stamina is the ability of your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to your muscles to enable continuous effort
Long distance swimming and running
Beep test

Question 15

What is strength, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 15

The ability to use your muscles to exert a muscle force in a short period of time
Weight lifting, shot put, javelin
Grip strength test

Question 16

What is power, what sports need this, and what fitness tests are used

Answer 16

Power is the ability to use strength quickly
Kicking a football, high jump, ice skating
Vertical jump and basketball throw tests