Elements and The Periodic Table Flashcards
physical properties
characteristics of matter that can
be seen through direct observation
such as density, melting point, and
boiling point.
chemical properties
characteristics of matter that can
only be observed when one
substance changes into a different
substance, such as iron into rust
periodic table
- a chart that
organizes the elements by their
chemical properties and increasing
atomic number.
group
- a column of the periodic
table is called a group.
period
a row of the periodic
table is called a period.
metal
- elements that are typically
shiny and good conductors of heat
and electricity
nonmetal
- elements that are
poor conductors of heat and
electricity.
atomic mass unit (amu)
a unit
of mass equal to 1.66 × 10-24
grams, which is one twelfth the
mass of the isotope carbon-12
atomic mass
- the average mass
of all the known isotopes of an
element, expressed in amu.
alkali metals
elements in the
first group of the periodic table.
halogens
elements in the group
containing fluorine, chlorine, and
bromine, among others.
noble gases
elements in the
group containing helium, neon,
and argon, among others.
periodicity
the repeating
pattern of chemical and physical
properties of the elements.
electrical conductors
a
material that allows electricity to
flow through easily.
thermal conductivity
a
material that allows heat to
flow through easily.
