Element 3:- Manual and Mechanical Handling Hazards

Question 1

Manual Handling Injuries

Answer 1

• External:- Cuts, bruises, abrasions, crush injuries

* Internal:- Strains, Tears, Hernias

Question 2

Hierarchy to reduce handling injuries

Answer 2

• Avoid handling
• Assess
• Implement controls

Question 3

Manual Handling Risk Assessment:

-Load

Answer 3

• Weight
• Size
• Shape
• Rigidity
• Difficult to grasp
• Unstable
• Sharp, hot, cold etc.

Question 4

Manual Handling Risk Assessment:

-Individual

Answer 4

• Sex
• Stature
• Individual capability
• Training
• Persons assessment of own capability

Question 5

Manual Handling Risk Assessment:

-task

Answer 5

• Holding away from trunk
• Twisting
• Stooping
• Reaching upwards
• Large vertical movement
• Long carrying distances
• Strenuous pushing or pulling
• Unpredictable movement of loads
• Repetitive handling
• Insufficient rest or recovery
• Work rate imposed by the process
• Environment
• Constraints on posture
• Poor floors
• Variations in levels
• Hot/Cold/ humid conditions
• Poor lighting

Question 6

Correct Kinetic Handling Technique

Answer 6

• Assess the load
• Close to load as possible
• Secure grip
• Suitable feet position
• Back straight
• Bend the knees
• Load close to the body
• Smooth movement

Question 7

conveyors hazzards:

Answer 7

Trapping in drive mechanisms
Traps, Nips, Drawing in
Sharp edges
Items jamming conveyor
Falling objects
Riding or crossing conveyor
Impact with objects

Question 8

conveyors Precautions:

Answer 8

Guards, No loose clothing
Pop out rollers, nip guards
Edge protection, eliminate edges
Adequate design
Edge guards, barriers
Bridges, complete enclosure
Helmets, padding

Question 9

Types of Cranes

Answer 9

• Mobile
• Tower
• Gantry
• Overhead

Question 10

Cranes may fail because of:

Answer 10

-overturning
•	Overloading
•	Unsuitable support or inadequate bases for crane
•	Loss of load
•	Failure of load
•	Lack of maintenance
•	Failure of load bearing part

Question 11

Safe use of Cranes:

(Hazards opposite of above plus
Use of crane in high winds)

Answer 11

• Suitable crane
• Suitable ground conditions
• Use of outriggers
• Avoidance of obstructions
• Care near overhead power lines
• Designated and protected area
• Suitable and tested lifting tackle
• Correct slinging technique
• Competent personnel
• Load near ground if travelling
• Good visibility
• Good communications
• Suitable storage for fuels etc

Question 12

Employee safety during lifting:

Answer 12

• Trained personnel
• Properly trained equipment
• Equipment has had statutory inspections
• Warning of lift taking place
• No employee to walk under load
• Ensure load is secure
• SWL of crane and tackle not exceeded
• Lifted to correct height
• Moved at appropriate speed
• Adequate supervision
• Lifting Accessories (Tackle)

Question 13

Main Hazards of lifting:

Precautions opposite of above

Answer 13

• Overloading/used above safe working load
• Incorrect use e.g. too wide an angle with chains
• Insecure attachment of load
• Damage to tackle
• Incorrect slinging method
• Failure to examine and inspect pre-use
• Incompetent staff