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NEBOSH NGC 2 > Element 1 > Flashcards

Element 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Identify the 2 standards used to outline good practice with regard to basic welfare within workplaces?

A
  • Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations 1992.

- Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2007.

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1
Q

Identify the MINIMUM welfare standards?

A
  • Drinking Water
  • Sanitary Conveniences
  • Changing Rooms
  • Washing Facilities
  • Accommodation for Clothing
  • Resting and Eating Facilities
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2
Q

With regard to minimum Welfare standards, explain “Drinking Water”?

A

It must be Wholesome or non-potable. However, if the 2 types are present, then they must be clearly labelled.

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3
Q

With regard to minimum Welfare standards, explain “Sanitary Conveniences”?

A
  • There must be a sufficient number.
  • Separate facilities for men and women.
  • Protected from the weather.
  • Clean.
  • Lit.
  • Ventilated.
  • Provision for disabled use.
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4
Q

With regard to minimum Welfare standards, explain “Changing Rooms”?

A
  • Lit.
  • Clean.
  • Ventilated.
  • Separate facilities for men & women.
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5
Q

With regard to minimum Welfare standards, explain “Washing Facilities”?

A
  • Hot & Cold (or warm) running water.
  • Soap.
  • Towels (or other means of drying).
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6
Q

With regard to minimum Welfare standards, explain “Accommodation for Clothing”?

A
  • Lockers so that personal clothing can be kept clean & secure.
  • Separate storage for dirty work clothing to prevent cross contamination.
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7
Q

With regard to minimum Welfare standards, explain “Resting and Eating Facilities”?

A
  • Sufficient seating.
  • Away from hazardous work areas.
  • Removal of PPE.
  • Hygienic environment.
  • Able to make own Hot drinks & food.
  • Separate facilities for New or Expectant Mothers.
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8
Q

What are the basic workplace environment standards for indoor workplaces?

A
  • Space - Adequate to allow task to be performed safely.
  • Seating - Appropriate, stable, back rest & foot rest if appropriate.
  • Ventilation - Sufficient supply of purified air.
  • Heating - Reasonable: Minimum indoor temperature for Sedentary work is 16 degrees C, and for Manual work is 13 degrees C.
  • Lighting - Adequate.
  • Noise - Controls to reduce excessive noise.
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9
Q

Outline some factors to consider when providing workplace lighting?

A
  • Minimum light (lux) levels should be achieved.
  • Natural light is preferred.
  • Light levels adjusted to suit the detail of the task.
  • Local lighting (spotlights) positioned to conduct critical work activity.
  • Arranged to avoid reflections or glare.
  • Arranged to avoid shadows, which may create risk.
  • Flickering should be avoided to prevent nuisance.
  • Suitable for the environment (i.e. Intrinsically Safe areas).
  • Emergency lighting in the event of a mains failure.
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10
Q

Identify Health & Safety effects of working in a Hot environment?

A 
Dehydration.
Muscle Cramps.
Heat Stress.
Heat Exhaustion.
Heat Stroke.
Other Effects - Burns, Cancer, etc.
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11
Q

Identify Health & Safety effects of working in a Cold environment?

A

Hypothermia.
Frostbite.
Slip Hazards.
Freeze Burn Injuries.

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12
Q

Outline some control measures that can be used in a HOT environment?

A
  • Provide good ventilation - moving air has a cooling effect.
  • Insulate heat sources - lag hot pipes.
  • Shield heat sources - prevent contact burns.
  • Provide cool refuges - workers can escape heat.
  • Provide easy access to drinking water or isotonic drinks.
  • Provide frequent breaks or job rotation.
  • Provide appropriate clothing.
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13
Q

Outline some control measures that can be used in a COLD environment?

A
  • Prevent or protect workers from draughts.
  • Shield/lag extremely cold surfaces.
  • Provide warm refuges.
  • Provide PPE - insulated jackets, balaclavas, etc.
  • Provide frequent breaks and job rotation.
  • Provide easy access to hot food and drink.
  • Scrape, salt or grit icy floors.
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14
Q

What can poor STACKING of materials lead to?

A
  • Hinderance or prevention of a safe environment.
  • Blockage of light.
  • Blockage to essential services (Fire equipment).
  • Danger of collapse/toppling over.
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15
Q

Outline factors to consider when storing materials?

A
  • Storage areas are clearly defined.
  • Separate areas for different items.
  • Certain materials/substances should be segregated during storage (gas bottles).
  • Areas kept clean and tidy. Regularly inspected.
  • Appropriate warning signs where necessary.
  • Storage areas should not be used for work activity.
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16
Q

Outline factors to considers when stacking materials?

A
  • Each stack should be for one material only, not mixed.
  • A maximum stack height must be set (dependent on strength & stability of the material).
  • Stack should be vertical, not leaning.
  • Pallets should be used to keep material off of the ground.
  • Sufficient space between stacks, to allow for safe movement.
  • Stacks protected from being struck by vehicles.
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17
Q

Outline factors to consider when storing flammable materials?

A
  • Should be kept in separate stores.
  • External, open-air stores should be away from buildings.
  • Internal stores should be constructed of fire-resistant materials.
  • Stores containing large quantities of flammables, should have at least 2 exits as a means of escape.
  • Doors and gates should be locked when not in use.
  • Stores should have suitable warning/safety signs.
  • Hot works should NOT be carried out clues to storage areas.
  • Electrical equipment installed/used in storage areas needs to fe of correct rating.
  • Fire-fighting equipment should be provided.
  • Stores should be inspected regularly for correct use and housekeeping.
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18
Q

Define “Work-Related Violence”?

A

Any incident in which a person is abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances relating to their work.

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19
Q

Give some factors which associated with violence in the work place?

A
  • Work that involves the handling of cash.
  • Work that involves working alone and dealing with members of the public.
  • Workers representing authority (Police, Traffic Wardens, etc).
  • Uniforms (symbols of authority).
  • Workers who are dealing with people under stress.
  • Workers who are dealing with people under the influence of drugs and/or alcohol.
  • Workers who have to say “No” (bar staff).
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20
Q

Identify some occupations which are more at risk of violence in the workplace?

A
  • Prison Officers.
  • A & E staff.
  • Police.
  • Traffic Wardens.
  • Social Workers.
  • Bus/Taxi Drivers.
  • Fire Fighters/Paramedics.
  • Railway Staff.
  • Estate Agents.
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21
Q

List some Control Measures to prevent violence at a “Central Office” work location?

A
  • Zero tolerance policy and prosecution for offenders (signs showing the fact).
  • Security staff.
  • CCTV cameras.
  • Security doors between staff and public areas.
  • Minimising queues and waiting times.
  • Clear announcements about waiting times.
  • Training for staff (diffusing a situation….providing a good quality service).
  • Screens between staff and the public.
  • Panic alarms.
  • A pleasant environment.
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22
Q

List some Control Measures to prevent violence with regard to a worker making a “home visit”?

A
  • No lone working or no lone working in high risk areas.
  • Keep records of past incidents and vet customers.
  • Visit-logging with Supervisor.
  • Pre and Post visit telephone calls with Supervisor.
  • Training for staff in “Break away techniques” and “Lone working”.
  • Always have a means of communication.
  • No visits after dark.
  • Park in secure areas.
  • Do not carry cash or valuables.
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23
Q

Identify types of substances that may be misused at work?

A
  • Alcohol.
  • Legal or illegal drugs.
  • Solvents.
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24
Q

What effects may alcohol and/or drug misuse have on a workplace?

A
  • Late attendance.
  • Increased absenteeism.
  • Reduction in quality of work.
  • Reduction in work rate.
  • Dishonesty.
  • Theft.
  • Irritability and mood swings.
  • Deterioration in working relationships.
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25
Q

What Control Measures could employers adopt in order to reduce the risks of substance misuse at work?

A

A clear drug and alcohol policy which could include:

  • Restriction of alcohol in the workplace.
  • Statutory legal requirements prohibiting workers from being under the influence of drugs and alcohol.
  • Non statutory requirements of the above, sort by the employer.
  • Arrangements for random drug and alcohol testing.
  • Arrangements for workers to have access to rehabilitation and treatment programmes.
  • Disciplinary procedures for workers who refuse or fail a test or refuse assistance.
  • Provision of information, instruction, training and supervision.
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26
Q

Identify types of accidents that hazards cause?

A
  • Slips, trips and falls.
  • Falls from height.
  • Collisions with moving vehicles.
  • Being struck by moving, flying or falling objects.
  • Striking against fixed or stationary objects.
  • Maintenance activities.
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27
Q

Outline typical slip hazards?

A
  • Smooth floor surfaces (eg. polished marble, wet because of spills).
  • Contamination of a floor (eg. Leaves or fat).
  • Frost and ice.
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28
Q

Outline typical trip hazards?

A
  • Uneven or loose floor surfaces.
  • Trailing cables.
  • Objects on the floor.
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29
Q

Outline typical “Fall from height” hazards?

A
  • Working next to an unprotected edge.
  • Working on a fragile material above a drop.
  • Using access equipment (MEWPS or Cherry Picker).
  • Using ladders.
  • Standing on objects to reach high levels.
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30
Q

Outline some typical “Collision with moving vehicle” hazards?

A
  • Pedestrian walkways that require walking on vehicle traffic routes.
  • Pedestrian crossing points.
  • Exits that open onto vehicle traffic routes.
  • Areas where people walk adjacent to moving vehicles.
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31
Q

Outline some typical “Being struck by moving, flying or falling objects” hazards?

A
  • Ejected parts (eg. metal waste during drilling).
  • Thrown objects (eg. scaffold coupling).
  • Loads falling from height (eg. from forklifts).
  • Objects dislodged from roofs when being worked on (eg. Slates or tiles).
  • As above, but due to adverse weather conditions.
  • Toppling of unstable objects (eg. Unsecured ladder or poor stacking).
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32
Q

Outline some typical “Striking against fixed or stationary objects” hazards?

A
  • Objects that project/protrude into a pedestrian area/route.
  • Narrow doorways in a pedestrian route.
  • Low overheads (eg. Pipe work).
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33
Q

What is the basic Health & Safety management principle with regard to hazards and risk?

A
  • Eliminate the hazard.
  • Create a safe place.
  • Create a safe person.
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34
Q

Identify some factors that could be considered when developing a plan for the safe movement of pedestrians around the workplace?

A
  • Have a vehicle free workplace.
  • Slip resistant surfaces.
  • Spillage control and drainage.
  • Designated walkways.
  • Fencing and guard rails.
  • Use of signs and PPE.
  • Information, instruction, training and supervision.
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35
Q

What factors may influence the kind of slip resistant floor that is required in the workplace?

A
  • The number of people who walk on the floor.
  • The footwear of those people.
  • The wear and tear of the surface (eg. Will vehicle traffic use it as well).
  • Foreseeable spills and contamination on the floor.
  • Environmental conditions (eg. Weather, temperature, sunlight).
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36
Q

How is spill control best achieved?

A

By preventing the spill from happening in the first place:

  • Maintenance and inspections.
  • Behavioural controls (eg. Banning drinks in certain areas).
37
Q

Explain why walkways might be used?

A
  • Pedestrians will stay in designated areas.

- Vehicles or other hazards do not stray into pedestrian areas.

38
Q

How might walkways be designated/shown?

A
  • Guard rails (direct physical protection).
  • Kerbs and pavements.
  • Markings on the floor.
39
Q

Explain why fencing or guard rails might be used?

A
  • Designates an area and gives protection to pedestrian walkways.
  • Protects an edge where pedestrians might fall.
  • Perimeter fencing prevents unauthorised access to construction sites.
  • Prevents access to dangerous machinery or areas.
  • Prevents access to temporary hazards (eg. Potholes).
40
Q

Identify the 5 types of signs?

A
  • Mandatory.
  • Fire/emergency.
  • Prohibition.
  • Warning.
  • Safe conditions.
41
Q

Give some considerations when maintaining a safe workplace?

A
  • Floors and walkways cleaned regularly and kept free of contamination.
  • Spills cleaned up quickly and safely.
  • Housekeeping routines established, to ensure pedestrian routes are free from trip hazards and obstructions.
  • Floors and walkways inspected and repaired.
  • Guard rails and fencing inspected and repaired as necessary.
  • Access/egress routes regularly inspected, cleaned and repaired.
  • Emergency exit routes kept free of slip/trip hazards and obstructions at all times.
  • Lighting is routinely inspected and repaired.
  • Noise levels kept to a minimum.
42
Q

Define “Work at height”?

A

Work where there is a risk of a fall liable to cause personal injury.

43
Q

Identify the groups of people who could be exposed to working at height?

A
  • Steel Workers.
  • Scaffolders.
  • Roofers.
  • Demolition Workers.
  • Welders.
  • Pipe Fitters.
  • Painters.
44
Q

Identify the main risks associated with working at height?

A
  • The worker falling from height.

- An object falling onto people below.

45
Q

What could be the results from a fall from height?

A
  • Death.
  • Neck or spinal injury leading to permanent paralysis.
  • Brain damage.
  • Multiple broken bones.
46
Q

Outline the simple hierarchy when managing working at height?

A
  • Avoid working at height.
  • Prevent falls.
  • Minimise the distance and consequences of falls.
47
Q

Identify the 2 types of roof that present the particular dangers when working at height?

A
  • Fragile roofs.

- Sloping (pitched) roofs.

48
Q

Identify the basic hazards of Work at Height?

A
  • Roofs.
  • Deterioration of materials.
  • Unprotected edges.
  • Unstable or poor maintained access equipment.
  • Weather.
  • Falling materials.
49
Q

Identify the factors to consider when implementing control measures for work at height?

A
  • Nature and duration of task.
  • Level of competence.
  • Training that needs to be provided.
  • Planning and level of supervision required.
  • Means of access/egress.
  • Suitability and maintenance of equipment.
  • Use of working platforms, guard rails and toe boards.
  • PPE (harness, helmet).
  • Is a fall arrest system/netting required.
  • Weather conditions.
  • Health of individual.
  • Compliance with regulations.
50
Q

Identify methods of stopping falls of materials?

A
  • Physical safeguards (toe boards or brick boards).
  • Debris netting or fans (wooden shielding angled to catch debris).
  • Covered walkways.
51
Q

Give the key characteristics of any guard rail?

A
  • Should fully enclose all of the exposed unprotected edge.
  • Robust enough: will not bend or distort when fallen against.
  • Securely fixed: will withstand any foreseeable impact.
  • High enough to prevent a person toppling over it.
  • No excessively large gaps where a person could fall through.
52
Q

Outline the key safety characteristics of work platforms on a scaffold?

A
  • Sufficiently large enough to allow safe use.
  • Capable of bearing the loads imposed upon them.
  • Fully boarded to prevent gaps that could present tripping hazards or allow materials or people to fall through.
53
Q

When minimising distance and consequences of a fall, outline the 2 forms of fall arrest?

A
  • Collective protection systems: safety nets or air bags.

- Personal protective systems: harnesses.

54
Q

Give examples of access equipment?

A
  • Ladders.
  • Step ladders.
  • Trestles and staging platforms.
  • Independent tied scaffolds.
  • Mobile tower scaffolds.
  • Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPS).
55
Q

Identify the hazards associated with the use of ladders?

A
  • Falls from height.
  • Objects falling from height.
  • Contact with live overhead cables.
56
Q

Outline the safety precautions for use of ladders?

A
  • Not siting or handling near live overheads.
  • Site on solid ground.
  • Angle should be ideally 75 degrees (1:4)…..1 out, 4 up.
  • Top of ladder rusting against a solid support.
  • Ideally, top of ladder secured.
  • Guy ropes attached and secured to firm supports.
  • Buddy buddy system (person at bottom, holding ladder).
  • Top of ladder extending above top surface (5 rungs).
  • Only one person climbing at a time.
  • No carrying when climbing.
  • Wooden ladders must not be painted.
57
Q

Outline the safety precautions for the use of step ladders?

A
  • Carry out a daily check.
  • Ensure ladder is fully open.
  • Ensure locking devices are in place.
  • Only use on firm, level ground.
  • Do not work from the top two steps, unless there is a safe handhold on the steps.
  • Avoid over reaching.
  • Avoid side-on working.
58
Q

With regard to trestles and staging platforms, what do the HSE in the UK recommend?

A
  • They should be big enough to allow safe passage and safe use of equipment and materials.
  • Free from trip hazards or gaps through which persons or materials could fall.
  • Fitted with toe boards and handrails.
  • Kept clean and tidy.
  • Not loaded in a way to risk collapse or deformation that could affect it’s safe use.
  • Erected on firm, level ground.
59
Q

Identify the basic components of scaffolding?

A
  • Standards.
  • Ledgers.
  • Transoms.
  • Bracing.
  • Base plates.
  • Sole boards.
  • Work platform.
  • Guard rails.
  • Toe boards.
60
Q

Outline the factors that might cause the collapse of an independent tied scaffold?

A
  • Overloaded work platform.
  • Scaffold built on soft ground without the use of adequate sole boards.
  • Scaffold not tied adequately to building.
  • Insufficient bracing incorporated into the scaffold.
  • Standards not upright.
  • Standards bent, buckled or heavily corroded.
  • High winds.
  • Incorrect couplers used to join tubes together.
  • Scaffold struck by mobile plant.
  • Scaffold erected by incompetent workers.
  • Scaffold not inspected prior to use.
61
Q

How might a scaffold be tied to a building in order to prevent movement?

A
  • Anchor bolts.
  • Through ties.
  • Reveal ties.
  • Rakers
  • Bracing.
62
Q

Identify the key hazards associated with the use of scaffolds?

A
  • Falls from the work platform.
  • Objects falling from the platform.
  • Collapse of the structure.
63
Q

Identify the main hazards associated with mobile tower scaffolds?

A
  • Falls from work platform.
  • Objects falling from work platform.
  • Collapse of structure.
  • Overturn (toppling) of structure.
  • Unintended movement of wheels.
  • Contact with live overheads.
64
Q

Outline some safety precautions for the use of mobile tower scaffolds?

A
  • Guard rail fitted to the work platform.
  • Tower must not be overloaded.
  • Wheels should be locked when tower is in use.
  • Tower sited on firm, level ground.
  • People and materials should not remain on tower when it is moved.
  • Care taken to avoid overheads.
  • Outriggers used where necessary to ensure stability.
  • People should climb on outside of tower.
  • Tower must be built by trained workers.
65
Q

What does MEWPs stand for?

A

Mobile Elevating Work Platforms.

66
Q

Identify 3 types of MEWP?

A
  • Telescopic.
  • Scissor lift.
  • Articulated.
67
Q

Outline some safety precautions for use of MEWPS?

A
  • Sited on firm, stable ground.
  • Sufficient clearance from obstructions and overheads when operating.
  • Barriers around the MEWP to prevent being struck by vehicles or mobile plant.
  • Barriers act to keep people out from underneath cradle.
  • Guard rails incorporated into the cradle and safety harness worn as a back up.
  • Controls of MEWP located inside the cradle.
  • Not to be driven when cradle is raised.
  • Must not be overloaded.
  • Inspected as an item of lifting equipment designed to carry people.
  • Use restricted to trained, authorised staff.
68
Q

Outline when scaffolds should be inspected?

A
  • When they are first erected.
  • After substantial alteration.
  • After any event that may affect their stability (struck by vehicle or high winds).
  • Periodically (weekly).
69
Q

When inspecting a scaffold, what are you typically looking for?

A
  • Condition of tubes (especially standards).
  • Tying and bracing.
  • Condition of the work platform.
  • Edge protection.
  • Ground conditions.
  • Safe access.
  • Safe working load.
70
Q

Identify examples of machinery and vehicles which could provide hazards relating to temporary works?

A
  • Cement mixers.
  • Fork lift trucks.
  • Dumper trucks.
71
Q

Outline the controls that management should ensure when using equipment/machinery/plant?

A
  • Equipment is suitable for the task and environment.
  • Use is restricted to competent operators.
  • Information, instruction, training and supervision is provided.
  • Equipment is inspected and maintained in a safe condition.
  • Appropriate guards and devices are fitted and used.
  • Appropriate PPE is worn at all times.
72
Q

Identify some cement mixer hazards?

A
  • Entanglement with rotating drum and internal blades.
  • Entrapment by belt drive.
  • Dry cement dust can be inhaled.
  • Wet cement dust is corrosive and burns the skin.
  • Cement mixers are powered by diesel, therefore potential exposure to vapours and exhaust fumes/gases.
  • Noise and vibration.
  • Overturning whilst in use.
73
Q

Identify some fork lift truck hazards?

A
  • Collision with structures and pedestrians.
  • Poor visibility, especially when reversing.
  • Noise and vibration.
  • Overturning.
74
Q

Identify some dumper truck hazards?

A
  • Collision with structures and pedestrians.
  • Overturning on slopes and edges of excavations.
  • Poor maintenance.
  • Unauthorised use.
75
Q

Outline some controls that management should implement in order to ensure safe use of vehicles?

A
  • The site is carefully designed with regard to movement of personnel and vehicles.
  • Designated walkways, with appropriate lighting, markings, barriers, signage.
  • Designated vehicle routes containing all of the above.
  • Vehicles are suitable for their intended use and are maintained in a safe working order.
  • Drivers are qualified, medically fit, and given appropriate information, instruction, training and supervision.
76
Q

Define a “Banksman”

A

A person who gives directions to a driver or operator, who for some reason cannot fully see what they are in control of.
E.g. A Banksman might direct a crane operator during a lifting operation.

77
Q

Identify types of unauthorised visitors to building sites?

A
  • Members of the public taking short cuts.
  • A public right of way.
  • Thieves.
  • Children drawn by curiosity.
78
Q

Outline some possible options to secure a site against unauthorised access?

A
  • Robust perimeter fence and signs.
  • Secure gates to all site access points.
  • Security staff.
  • Good lighting on site and around perimeter.
  • CCTV cameras and/or site alarm.
  • Secure all portable equipment in locked storage.
  • Remove all ladders from scaffolds.
  • Secure all chemicals in locked storage.
  • Secure all mobile plant.
  • Cover or barrier off excavations.
  • Liaise with local schools and promote safe behaviour.
79
Q

Give 2 main ways in which electrical shock accidents can occur?

A
  • Proximity to live overhead power lines.

- Contact with buried services.

80
Q

Explain how accidents associated with proximity to live overhead power cables can be prevented?

A
  • Isolating power supply when working in vicinity of power lines.
  • Using Safe Systems of Work and permit systems to control access to danger areas.
  • If power cannot be isolated, try to sleeve low voltage power lines.
  • Use barriers, signage and goal posts to keep plant and vehicles a safe distance away.
  • Use Banksman when plant is manoeuvring near power lines.
  • Use non conducting equipment (e.g. fibre glass ladders).
81
Q

Define “Demolition”?

A

Demolition involves knocking down buildings to clear ground, dismantling parts of structures or the removal of walls.

82
Q

Identify some typical demolition hazards?

A
  • Premature collapse of structures.
  • Work at height.
  • Plant and machinery.
  • Contact with live overhead cables.
  • Contact with buried services.
  • Asbestos.
  • Dust.
  • Movement of vehicles.
  • Explosives.
  • Noise and vibration.
  • Hazardous substances.
  • Biological hazards from vermin or stagnant water.
  • Sharp objects (glass, nails, syringes, etc).
  • Manual handling.
83
Q

Give some typical safety control measures for demolition?

A
  • Careful assessment of demolition method (keep workers away from the immediate area).
  • Elimination or control of work at height.
  • Structural surveys to assess strength and stability of structures.
  • Propping or supporting might be necessary.
  • Assess strength of floors (do they support plant and machinery).
  • Disconnect services (electricity, gas, water).
  • Removal and disposal of hazardous materials.
  • Securing of the site (fencing/hoarding to create a buffer zone and exclude unauthorised access).
  • Damping down with water spray to reduce dust.
84
Q

Identify some hazards associated with excavations?

A
  • Collapse.
  • Striking of buried services.
  • People falling in.
  • Objects falling in (vehicles, spoil, adjacent structures).
  • Flooding.
  • Hazardous substances.
  • Collapse of adjacent structure.
85
Q

Outline methods of preventing an excavation from collapsing?

A
  • Battering: Sides of excavation can be sloped back.
  • Shoring: Sides of excavation can be supported.
  • Trench Box: Sides of excavation can be temporarily supported by a metal box.
86
Q

When trying to prevent an excavation from collapsing, outline some factors that will determine what method is used?

A
  • Type of Substrate that is being excavated into.
  • Length of time excavation will be open for.
  • Type of work to be carried out.
  • Groundwater conditions and potential for flooding.
  • Depth of excavation.
  • Number of people in the excavation.
87
Q

List some methods of preventing people from falling into excavations?

A
  • Barriers and guard rails.
  • Good lighting.
  • Crossing points/bridges.
  • Access via properly positioned and secured ladders.
  • Ladders extending 5 rungs above the surface.
88
Q

List some methods of preventing objects, material and vehicles from falling into excavations?

A
  • Spoil heaps positioned a safe distance away from the sides.
  • Vehicles prevented from getting near, by use of barriers and signs.
  • Vehicle movement near excavations minimised, due to vibration causing debris and loosening of sides of excavation.
  • Workers in excavations must wear hard hats.
89
Q

Explain how we can help prevent the striking of buried services?

A
  • Use of SSW.
  • Plans of area can be obtained.
  • Buried services uncovered by carefully digging by hand.
90
Q

Outline the inspection requirements with regard to excavations?

A
  • Inspected by a competent person.
  • Before the start of every shift.
  • After any accidental fall of material.
  • After any event likely to affect strength and stability.
  • Records of inspections must be kept on site.
  • Remedial work must be undertaken as soon as possible to repair any defects noted.

NEBOSH NGC 2 (8 decks)

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