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ATO > Electronics > Flashcards

Electronics Flashcards

1
Q

On a electric diagram what does the battery look like?

A

Positive is a long thin line and negative is a short fat one

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2
Q

What does a DC (direct current) current do with flow of electricity?

A

Its fixed and only flows in one direction

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3
Q

What type of electricity is used in homes and buildings normally?

A

AC (Alternating current) and in the UK its 50 hertz, and other parts of the world its 60 hertz

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4
Q

What does the effect of an electrical current depend on?

A

Its magnitude

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5
Q

What is the measurement of electrical current?

A

Its standardised using the unit of Amperes

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6
Q

What types of switches are there?

A

Trembler switch, pull switch, reed switch, tilt switches

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of conductors?

A

Usually metals, one or two weakly bound valence electrons per atom, net movement of electrons is seen as a current, valance electrons use in chemical bond in tarnished or oxidised metal

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8
Q

What are insulators normally made up of?

A

Plastics, rubber, ionic crystals, glass,

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of semiconductors?

A

They are between conductors and insulators, number of free electrons tuned by addition of chemical impurities

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10
Q

what is charge?

A

Charge is the quantity of electricity and measured in C (coulombs)

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11
Q

What is Q=It

A

Q is magnitude of a charge, I is current and T is time

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12
Q

What is Ampere-hour?

A

The ampere hour is the quantity of electrical charge that a battery can deliver, for example a 60Ah can deliver 60 amps for 1 hour or 30 for 2 etc

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13
Q

What is W=QV

A

Electrical work = Magnitude of charge x Volts

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14
Q

Does Voltage drop using different materials due to work done being higher?

A

Yes

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15
Q

What is power?

A

the rate of working, or the number of joules work done every second

P =W/t = QV/t
I=Q/t
P=IV

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16
Q

What is resistance?

A

Resistance is where material prevents some or all electricity flowing through it. Every material has some resistance, resistors used to control amount of resistance and therefore control V and I with a circuit.

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17
Q

What happens in most simple circuits?

A

In most simple circuits electrical current through a load is proportional to the voltage across it. V=IxR R is known as the electrical resistance measured in Ohms

18
Q

What is Ohms law?

A

Power in a circuit - P=IV
Ohms law V=IR
Hence P=I^2R

19
Q

What happens to resistance at extreme low temperatures?

A

At extreme low temperatures variation of resistance is no longer linear and at very low temperatures some materials loose all resistance, these are called superconductors

20
Q

What are the average current and potential difference in AC circuits?

A

They are both zero but work is still done.

21
Q

What does having three phases allow?

A

It allows for high power density to equal out the usage.

22
Q

When the usage isnt great what type of phases is used?

A

Single phase

23
Q

What is a fuse?

A

A fine wire designed to burn out at a specific current, which acts like a switch.

24
Q

What is a RCD?

A

A residual current device provides the user with added protection against electrocution or fire. They detect imbalance in current between live and neutral.

25
Q

What are diodes?

A

Diodes act as a one way valve for electricity converting AC to DC.

26
Q

What is the EMF?

A

Electromotive force is the voltage generated in a power supply. Potential difference received by a load is always less than the EMF due to voltage lost in cables

27
Q

What are the characteristics of voltage?

A

It is generated from electromotive force like a battery and used in potential difference like a kettle.

28
Q

What are some types of generators?

A

Primary cells (such as single use battery), Secondary cells( Car batteries)

29
Q

What must current going into a junction equal?

A

It must equal the total current coming out of the junction

30
Q

What must the sums of potential differences around a circuit equal?

A

it must equal the sum of the emfs. Total voltage used = total voltage generated

31
Q

What happens with equal resistors to the voltage?

A

There will be equal voltage drops

32
Q

What makes up the sum of the resistors?

A

The total of all the individual resistors

33
Q

What is another name for a variable resistor?

A

Potentiometers or rheostats

34
Q

Have you heard of Joe?

A

Joe mama

35
Q

He lives in Sekondis

A

Sekon-dis nuts ayyyyy

36
Q

What does a larger cross section do to the resistance?

A

It lowers the resistance

37
Q

What is resistance proportional to in copper wires?

A

Resistance is inversely proportional to area

38
Q

What is wire resistance proportional to?

A

Wire resistance is proportional to length, which is then inversely proportional to its cross sectional area

39
Q

What is resistance?

A

How much an object opposes flow of electrons, and depends on the objects size and what it is made of?

40
Q

What is resistivity?

A

Intrinsic property of a material, and doesnt change with length or cross sectional shape

41
Q
A

ATO (7 decks)

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