Electronegativity Flashcards
Electronegativity is
The ability of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons
Large pauling values
Indicate the element is very electronegative
Small pauling values
Indicate the element is not very electronegative
The term very electronegative means
the atom can strongly attract the bonded pair of electrons
Three most electronegative atoms
Fluorine, Nitrogen and Oxygen
What is the name of the group that cannot form polar bonds?
The Noble Gases
Trends in electronegativity in terms of periodicity (2 points)
- It decreases down the group
2. It increases across a period
A bond is non polar when (2 points)
- The atoms are the same element
2. The atoms have a similar electronegativity
A bond is polar when (2 points)
- The bonded atoms are different element
2. The bonded atoms have a large difference in electronegativity
How is the bonded electron pair shared in a non polar bond?
Equally between the two atoms
How is the bonded electron pair shared in a polar bond?
The bonded pair is pulled towards the most electronegative atom
Permanent Dipole occurs when
there is a difference in electronegativity between two atoms
Dipole
A difference in charge around two atoms due to a shift in electron density
If atoms are arranged symmetrically, the permanent dipoles
cancel out so there is no overall dipole
If the permanent dipoles DO NOT cancel out, the molecule can be described as having an _____ dipole?
Overall dipole
