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Physical Science > Electromagnetic Waves > Flashcards

Electromagnetic Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a transverse wave

A

A wave where particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of energy.

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2
Q

What is a wave crest?

A

The highest point on a transverse wave

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3
Q

What is a wave trough?

A

The lowest point on a transverse wave

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4
Q

What is the amplitude of the wave?

A

The vertical distance from the rest position to a crest or to a trough?

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5
Q

How is the wavelength of a transverse wave determined?

A

It is the horizontal distance from one crest to the next crest.

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6
Q

What is a longitudinal or compression wave?

A

A wave where the particle motion is parallel to the direction of energy travel.

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7
Q

What is reflection?

A

Behavior of a wave at a boundary where the incoming wave will bounce back into the original medium.

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8
Q

What is the Law of Reflection?

A

The angle of the incident wave equals the angle of the reflected wave when measured from the normal.

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9
Q

What is refraction?

A

When an incident wave enters a new substance at an angle, the transmitted wave will change its speed and bend.

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10
Q

What is diffraction?

A

The bending of a wave around an obstacle or when it passes through a small opening.

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11
Q

What is the doppler effect?

A

The apparent change in the frequency of a wave when the source and/or the observer are moving relative to each other.

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12
Q

What type of wave is light?

A

Light is an electromagnetic wave where photons travel as a transverse wave.

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13
Q

Which parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are considered to be low frequency and long wavelength?

A

Radio waves, microwaves, and infrared radiation

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14
Q

What is the order of visible light from low frequency to high frequency?

A

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet.

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15
Q

Which parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are considered to be high frequency and short wavelength?

A

Ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and Gamma radiation

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16
Q

What is the incident wave?

A

The incoming wave to a boundary.

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17
Q

What is the transmitted wave?

A

The wave that passes through a boundary into a new medium.

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18
Q

How does light behave in a transparent substance?

A

Light will transmit through the substance with little distortion.

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19
Q

How does light behave in a translucent substance?

A

Some of the light is absorbed, while some of the light is distorted that transmits through the substance.

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20
Q

How does light behave in an opaque substance?

A

The light is absorbed and does not transmit throught he substance.

21
Q

What is a mirror?

A

A substance that reflects light with little distortion.

22
Q

What is the shape of a convex mirror?

A

A convex mirror curves outward.

23
Q

What is the shape of a concave mirror?

A

A concave mirror curves inward.

24
Q

What are the three shapes of mirrors?

A

Mirrors can be concave, convex or flat.

25
Q

What is a lens?

A

A lens is a curved object that transmits light.

26
Q

What behavior of waves is used to change the path of an incident wave in a lens?

A

Refraction

27
Q

What is the shape of a convex lens?

A

A convex lens is thicker in the center.

28
Q

What is the shape of a concave lens?

A

A concave lens is thicker on the edges.

29
Q

What happens to parallel rays when they diverge?

A

They will spread out.

30
Q

What happens to parallel rays when they converge?

A

The will bend to meet at a focal point.

31
Q

What is a prism?

A

A prism is a substance that will separate white light into its different colors (frequencies).

32
Q

The color of light represents which characteristic?

A

Frequency or wavelength

33
Q

If the three primary colors of transmitted light mix, what is seen?

A

White light

34
Q

What are the three primary colors of transmitted light?

A

Red, Green and Blue

35
Q

What is a pigment or a dye?

A

A pigment or dye will absorb some colors of light and reflect other colors.

36
Q

If a red light is transmitted onto a green pigment, what is seen by an observer?

A

The observer will see an absence of light. The green pigment will absorb the red light, and no light is reflected to a person’s eyes.

37
Q

What are the primary colors for pigments and dyes?

A

Cyan, Magenta and Yellow

38
Q

What happens to the speed of light when it enters a new substance?

A

The speed of light will change.

39
Q

What happens to light waves when an object is beyond the focal point of a concave mirror?

A

The light rays converge

40
Q

What happens to light rays from an object in front of a convex mirror?

A

The light rays diverge, and a virtual image forms.

41
Q

What happens to parallel light waves that pass through a convex lens?

A

The light rays will converge at a focal point.

42
Q

What happens to parallel light rays that pass through a concave lens?

A

The light rays diverge

43
Q

What are two uses for radio and TV waves?

A

Communications and Radar Detection Systems

44
Q

What are two uses for infrared radiation?

A

Heat lamps and detecting heat differences (night vision goggles)

45
Q

What are two uses for ultraviolet rays?

A

They can help destroy organisms and help skin produce vitamin D

46
Q

What are two uses for X-rays?

A

They help to see bones in body and provide pictures inside solid objects

47
Q

What are two uses for gamma rays?

A

They can kill cancer cells and be used as an inspection tool.

48
Q
A

Physical Science (11 decks)

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