Electrolytes and Minerals Flashcards
What is the difference between Estimated average requirement and recommended daily allowance?
EAR: Average daily nutrient intake estimated to meet requirements of half of a demographic
RDA: Average dietary nutrient daily intake level sufficient to meet nutritional requirements of 97% of healthy individuals
What are the 6 major minerals in order of abundance?
Ca Phosphorus Potassium Na, Cl Mg
What are the four trace elements?
Fe
Zn
Cu
Mn
What are the four ultra trace elements?
Se
Mb
I
Cr
What is the major intracellular anion?
Phosphate
What are four major functions of calcium in the body?
Bone mineralization
Blood clotting
muscle contraction
metabolism regulator
What is the carrier on the luminal membrane that transports Ca?
TRPv6
What is the carrier on the basolateral membrane that transports Ca?
Ca ATPase
What transports Ca within the cell?
Calbindin
What increases Ca absorption?
Vit D
Sugars
Protein
What decreases Ca absorption?
Fiber
Oxalic acids
Mg Zn
Unabsorbed fatty acids
What molecule regulates transporters of Ca?
Calcetriol
How is calcium transported in the blood?
40% albumin
50% free
10% complexed with sulfate, phosphate, citrate, etc
What is down regulated by calmodulin?
Calcium channels
Glycogen synthase
What is up regulated by calmodulin?
Muscle contraction
Phosphorylase
What uptake is blocked by high levels of Calcium?
Phosphorus
Iron
Fatty acids
If hydroxylated at the #12 carbon, is cholesterol taken up or excreted?
taken up
Does calcium cause more or less secretion of bile salts?
More
