Electrolytes

Question 1

Low serum concentration of this electrolyte causes nausea, malaise, stupor, coma, seizures.

Answer 1

Sodium (Na+)

Question 2

High serum concentration of this electrolyte causes irritability, stupor, coma.

Answer 2

Sodium (Na+)

Question 3

High serum concentration of this electrolyte causes wide QRS and peaked T waves on EKG, arrhythmias, muscle weakness.

Answer 3

Potassium (K+)

Question 4

Low serum concentration of this electrolyte causes U waves on ECG, flattened T waves, arrhythmias, muscle spasm.

Answer 4

Potassium (K+)

Question 5

Low serum concentration of this electrolyte causes tetany, seizures, prolonged QT

Answer 5

Calcium (Ca2+)

Question 6

High serum concentration of this electrolyte causes stones (renal), bone pain, abdominal pain, increased urinary frequency, anxiety, altered mental status, but not necessarily Calciuria.

Answer 6

Calcium (Ca2+)

Question 7

High serum concentration of this electrolyte causes decreased DTRs, lethargy, bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac arrest, hypocalcemia.

Answer 7

Magnesium (Mg2+)

Question 8

Low serum concentration of this electrolyte causes tetany, torsades de pointes, hypokalemia.

Answer 8

Magnesium (Mg2+)

Question 9

Low serum concentration of this electrolyte causes bone loss, osteomalacia (adults), rickets (children).

Answer 9

Phosphate (PO4-3)

Question 10

High serum concentration of this electrolyte causes renal stones, metastatic calcifications, hypocalcemia.

Answer 10

Phosphate (PO4-3)