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Bushong Rad Physics > Electricity, Magnetism & Electromagnetism Ch 5 > Flashcards

Electricity, Magnetism & Electromagnetism Ch 5 Flashcards

1
Q

X-ray Imaging System Primary function

A

to convert electric energy into electromagnetic energy

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2
Q

The study of stationary electric charges

A

Electrostatics

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3
Q

The object that has too few or too many

electrons

A

Electrified

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4
Q

The process of adding or removing electrons

from an object

A

Electrification

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5
Q

Electrification is created by…

A

contact, friction or by induction

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6
Q

The object that behaves as a reservoir for

stray electric charges

A

Electric Ground

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7
Q

Electrostatic Laws is

A

-Unlike charges attract
-Like charge repel
-Electric field radiate out from positive
charge
-Electric field radiate toward a negative
charge
-Uncharged particles do not have electric
field

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8
Q

The lines of force exerted on charged ions in

the tissues by the electrodes

A

Electric Field

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9
Q

The force of attraction between unlike

charges or repulsion between like charges

A

Electrostatic Force

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10
Q 
The electrostatic force is directly 
proportional to the product of the 
electrostatic charges & inversely 
proportional to the square of the distance 
between them
A

Coulomb’s Law

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11
Q

The study of electric charges in motion

A

Electrodynamics

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12
Q

Work with electric current

A

Electrical Engineer

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13
Q

Four States of Matter

A

Conductor, Insulator, Semiconductor,

Superconductor

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14
Q

Any substance through which electrons flow

easily

A

Conductor

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15
Q

Any material that does not allow electron

flow

A

Insulator

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16
Q

A material that some conditions behaves as

an insulator & as a conductor

A

Semiconductor

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17
Q

Any material that allows electrons to flow

without resistance

A

Superconductor

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18
Q

He demonstrated semiconduction

A

William Shockley (1946)

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19
Q

The property of some matter to exhibit no

resistance below a critical temperature

A

Superconductivity (1911)

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20
Q

The path of electron flow from the
generating source through the various
components & back again

A

Electric Circuits

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21
Q

Increasing electric resistance results in a…

A

reduced electric current

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22
Q

The flow of electrons through a conductor

A

Electric Current/Electricity

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23
Q

It is measured in volts (V)

A

Electric Potential

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24
Q

It is measured in ohms (Ω)

A

Electric Resistance

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25
Q

The voltage across the total circuit or any
portion of the circuit is equal to the current
times the resistance

A

Ohm’s Law

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26
Q

Ohm’s Law Formula

A

V = IR; R = V/I; I = V/R

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27
Q

Two Basic Types of Electric Circuits

A

Series & Parallel Circuits

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28
Q

All circuit elements are connected in a line

along the same conductor

A

Series Circuit

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29
Q

Elements are connected at their ends rather

than lying in a line along a conductor

A

Parallel Circuit

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30
Q

Electrons that flow in only one direction

A

Direct Current

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31
Q

Electrons that flow alternately in opposite

direction

A

Alternating Current (AC)

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32
Q

The graphic representation of a wave

A

Waveform

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33
Q

It is measured in watts (W)

A

Electric Power

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34
Q

Lodestone or leading stone

A

Magnetite

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35
Q

The fundamental property of some forms of

matter

36
Q

Any charged particle in motion creates a…

A

magnetic field

37
Q

A property created when electrons behave as

if they rotate on its axis

A

Electron Spin

38
Q

A nuclear magnetic dipole created when
magnetic field is created by spinning electric
charge, the basis of MRI

A

Magnetic Moment

39
Q

The lines of a magnetic field are always…

A

closed loop

40
Q

A magnet that has two poles

A

Dipolar/Bipolar

41
Q

The small magnet created by the electron

orbit

A

Magnetic Dipole

42
Q

An accumulation of many atomic magnets

with their dipoles aligned

A

Magnetic Domain

43
Q

The ability of a material to attract the lines

of magnetic field intensity

A

Magnetic Permeability

44
Q

Magnets are classified according to the origin

of…

A

the magnetic property

45
Q

Three Principal Types of Magnets

A
  • Naturally occurring magnets
  • Artificially produced permanent magnets:
  • Electromagnets
46
Q

A magnet that gets its magnetism from the

Earth

A

Natural Magnet

47
Q

A magnet whose magnetism is induced

artificially

A

Permanent Magnet

48
Q

A coil or wire wrapped around an iron core

that intensifies the magnetic field

A

Electromagnet

49
Q

Four Magnetic States of Matter

A

Nonmagnetic, Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic,

& Ferromagnetic

50
Q

Unaffected by magnetic field

A

Nonmagnetic

51
Q

Weakly repelled from both poles of a

magnetic field

A

Diamagnetic

52
Q

Weakly attracted to both poles of a magnetic

field

A

Paramagnetic

53
Q

It can be strongly magnetized

A

Ferromagnetic

54
Q

The degree to which a material can be

magnetized

A

Magnetic Susceptibility

55
Q

A condition wherein some materials that are
very susceptible are also reluctant to lose
their magnetism

A

Hysteresis

56
Q

The magnetically charged end of a materi

57
Q

The process of making ferromagnetic

material magnetic

A

Magnetic Induction

58
Q

The imaginary magnetic field lines

A

Magnetic Lines of Induction

59
Q

An excellent temporary magnet

60
Q

The force of attraction between unlike poles

or repulsion between like poles

A

Magnetic Force

61
Q

He observed that a dissected frog leg
twitched when touched by two different
metals

A

Luigi Galvani (1700’s)

62
Q

HE Contributed on the development of

batter

A

Alessandro Volta

63
Q

Any device that converts some form of

energy directly into electric energy

A

Source of Electromotive Force

64
Q

He demonstrated that electricity can be used

to generate magnetic fields

A

Hans Oersted (1820)

65
Q

Any charge in motion induces a…

A

Magnetic field

66
Q

It determines the direction of the magnetic

field

A

Right Hand Rule

67
Q

A coil of wire

68
Q

A current-carrying coil of wire wrapped

around an iron core

A

Electromagnet

69
Q

An electric current is induced in a circuit if
some part of that circuit is in a changing
magnetic field
e.g radio reception

A

Electromagnetic Induction

70
Q

He observed the current in a changing

magnetic field

A

Michael Faraday

71
Q

The first law of electromagnetic

A

Faraday’s Law

72
Q

Varying magnetic field intensity induces an…

A

electric current

73
Q

Electromagnetic Devices

A

Electric motor, Electric Generator &

Transformes

74
Q

Electric current produces mechanical motion

A

Electric Motor

75
Q

Mechanical motion produces electric current

A

Electric Generator

76
Q

It changes the intensity of alternating

voltage & current

A

Transformer

77
Q

A type of motor used with x-rays tubes

A

Induction Motor

78
Q

The change in voltage is directly
proportional to the ratio of the number of
turns (windings) in the secondary coil (Ns) to
the number of turns in the primary coil (Np)

A

Transformer Law

79
Q

Transformer Law Formula

A

Vs/Vp = Ns/Np

80
Q

Turns ratio greater than 1

A

Step-uo Transformer

81
Q

Turns ratio less than 1

A

Step-down Transformer

82
Q

Types of Transformers

A

Closed-core, Autotransformer & Shell-type

83
Q

A square core of ferromagnetic materials built up of laminated layers of iron

A

Closed-core Transformer

84
Q

A current that opposes the magnetic field
that induced it, creating a loss of transformer
efficiency

A

Eddy Current

85
Q

It consists of one winding of wire & varies

in voltage & current by self-induction

A

Autotransformer

86
Q

It confines more of the magnet field lines of

the primary winding

A

Shell-type Transformer

Bushong Rad Physics (8 decks)

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