Electricity and Magnetism Flashcards
Electrical energy
-Type of kinetic energy
-Produced by charged particles
-Highly convenient
What is electricity?
Is the movement of electrons from negative to positive (cause electrons=negative charge)
Static electricity
-Imbalance of electrical charges that build up on the surface of an object
-Can cause lighting electric shocks
-opposite charges attract
current electricity
-Flow of electrons through an electrical conductor
What is a conductor?
Material where some electrons are free to move and can flow in an electric current.
What is an insulator?
Material where electrons are tightly held and cannot move, so electric current cannot flow.
How does static energy build up?
When two insulating materials rub together, such as a comb through hair. Friction between these materials can pass electrons from one material to the other.
-one material ends up having more electrons, it now has an overall negative charge.
- The other ends up having less electrons, therefore ending up with a positive charge.
Series circuit
Components are connected end to end in a loop. If one component breaks, the whole circuit will go out and none of the bulbs will light as the circuit is no longer complete.
EG Christmas lights
Parallel circuit
The components are connected side by side. This gives the current several different pathways for it to flow around. If one bulb breaks, the other bulbs will remain, as the circuit is still complete.
What is current?
Measure of flow of electric flow of electrical charge in a circuit.
Measured in amps using an ammeter.
Current in series?
the same in all parts of a series circuit.
Current in a parallel?
Shared between branches
What is voltage?
Measure of the difference in electrical potential energy between 2 points in a circuit.
Voltage in series?
Supplied voltage shared between components.
Voltage in parallel?
Voltage across the components is the same.
