Electricity Flashcards
Electricity
A flow of electrical power that results from from charged particles.
Electrical Energy
Energy delivered by electrons, usually moving through a wire.
Power source
Anything that stores and transfers energy - batteries, etc.
Law of Conservation of Energy
States that energy can never be created or destroyed, only converted.
Atom
smallest part of everything
Joule
measure of heat - F & C
Static Electricity
Build-up of electrical charge on the surface of an object. Gathers and stays in one place.
Radiant Energy
Energy that travels in waves such as visible light or x-rays
Ex sun
Ex fire
Kinetic energy
Chemical Energy
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom, released when the nuclei are combined or split.
Potential energy
Mechanical energy
Energy that moves an object Ex dams.
Kinetic and Potential
Thermal Energy
Energy created from the movement of particles move quickly.
Kinetic
Nuclear Energy
Energy stored in bonds of atoms and molecules, often released when heated.
Potential
Electrical Energy
Energy delivered by electrons, usually through a wire.
Kinetic
Kinetic Energy
Energy currently at work, in motion
Potential Energy
Energy stored in an object - Ex, rubber band
Transformation of energy
Energy is created and converted to other types.
Ex- water can create energy - mechanical in dams- and then they convert it into electricity.
What is in an atom?
Nucleus
Neutrons
Protons & Electrons - determine charge
Electrical Charges
If there are more protons in the atoms, the charge will be positive, if there are more electrons, the atom’s charge will be negative
Currents
How much electricity flows, the flow of electricity
Friction
imbalance of charges created when two objects are rubbed together, causing the transfer of electrons.
One objects will lose electrons more easily, creating a positive charge, and the other will gin them more easily, creating a negative charge.
Opposites attract - stick together
Things that lose electrons
rabbit fur, acetate, glass, wool.
Things that gain electrons
Gold, platinum, sulfur, rubber
Conduction
movement of charges that occurs when a charged object contacts a neutral object.
neutral object takes charge of the charged object, causing them to repel because they are the same charge.
Induction
produces a charge when a neutral object comes close to a charged object without touching it.
Nearby charged object creates a charge separation on the neutral object. When placed back on the ground, electrons free flow and develop a charge opposite to the charged one nearby, causing them to stick. Basically friction without touching.
