Electricity

Question 1

Electricity

Answer 1

A flow of electrical power that results from from charged particles.

Question 2

Electrical Energy

Answer 2

Energy delivered by electrons, usually moving through a wire.

Question 3

Power source

Answer 3

Anything that stores and transfers energy - batteries, etc.

Question 4

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 4

States that energy can never be created or destroyed, only converted.

Question 5

Atom

Answer 5

smallest part of everything

Question 6

Joule

Answer 6

measure of heat - F & C

Question 7

Static Electricity

Answer 7

Build-up of electrical charge on the surface of an object. Gathers and stays in one place.

Question 8

Radiant Energy

Answer 8

Energy that travels in waves such as visible light or x-rays

Ex sun

Ex fire

Kinetic energy

Question 9

Chemical Energy

Answer 9

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom, released when the nuclei are combined or split.

Potential energy

Question 10

Mechanical energy

Answer 10

Energy that moves an object Ex dams.

Kinetic and Potential

Question 11

Thermal Energy

Answer 11

Energy created from the movement of particles move quickly.

Kinetic

Question 12

Nuclear Energy

Answer 12

Energy stored in bonds of atoms and molecules, often released when heated.

Potential

Question 13

Electrical Energy

Answer 13

Energy delivered by electrons, usually through a wire.

Kinetic

Question 14

Kinetic Energy

Answer 14

Energy currently at work, in motion

Question 15

Potential Energy

Answer 15

Energy stored in an object - Ex, rubber band

Question 16

Transformation of energy

Answer 16

Energy is created and converted to other types.

Ex- water can create energy - mechanical in dams- and then they convert it into electricity.

Question 17

What is in an atom?

Answer 17

Nucleus
Neutrons
Protons & Electrons - determine charge

Question 18

Electrical Charges

Answer 18

If there are more protons in the atoms, the charge will be positive, if there are more electrons, the atom’s charge will be negative

Question 19

Currents

Answer 19

How much electricity flows, the flow of electricity

Question 20

Friction

Answer 20

imbalance of charges created when two objects are rubbed together, causing the transfer of electrons.

One objects will lose electrons more easily, creating a positive charge, and the other will gin them more easily, creating a negative charge.

Opposites attract - stick together

Question 21

Things that lose electrons

Answer 21

rabbit fur, acetate, glass, wool.

Question 22

Things that gain electrons

Answer 22

Gold, platinum, sulfur, rubber

Question 23

Conduction

Answer 23

movement of charges that occurs when a charged object contacts a neutral object.

neutral object takes charge of the charged object, causing them to repel because they are the same charge.

Question 24

Induction

Answer 24

produces a charge when a neutral object comes close to a charged object without touching it.

Nearby charged object creates a charge separation on the neutral object. When placed back on the ground, electrons free flow and develop a charge opposite to the charged one nearby, causing them to stick. Basically friction without touching.

Question 25

Current electrcity

Answer 25

Electricity that moves from one place to another.

Question 26

Electrical current

Answer 26

refers to the movement of electrons through an electrical circuit.

Question 27

Parts of a circuit

Answer 27

Basic circuits have three basic parts:

Power source
Load
Conductor

Question 28

Power Source

Answer 28

Where the energy in the circuit comes from.

Ex. Battery

Question 29

Load

Answer 29

The thing in the circuit that is using the electricity.

The load is very important because electrons with no output just buzz around and cause friction, creating heat and possible fires.

Ex. Lightbulb, toaster, blender

Question 30

Conductor

Answer 30

Material used to connect the power source to the load, and back to the power source again.

Ex. Copper wire, alligator clips, tin, iron, silver, water, etc.

Question 31

Voltage

Answer 31

The force that pushes an electrical current. Provided by a power source. Use symbol V to represent it. Higher voltage would mean greater force.

Question 32

Current in circuits

Answer 32

measures how fast or easily the electricity is flowing through the conductor. Measured in amperes/amps.

Question 33

Resistor

Answer 33

restricts flow of charge so that its harder for electricity to flow through, but it still can flow. Lots of heating things like toasters use resistors.

Ex. Steel & carbon

Question 34

Fuse

Answer 34

Safety device that can “blow” (melt) if the current flowing through it becomes too much.

Question 35

Insulators

Answer 35

Materials that completely top an electrical flow. Electrical wires can be coated in insulating material to ensure that the electricity stays where it’s supposed to be, in the wire.

Ex. Plastic, rubber, ceramics, glass

Question 36

Series circuits

Answer 36

One pathway.

If one part is broken, everything breaks.

Question 37

Parallel circuits

Answer 37

multiple pathways.

Each output has its own supply of energy, and if one part breaks, the rest can still operate.

Question 38

What do series and parallel circuits have in common?

Answer 38

Both allow electrons to flow and make something happen.

Both need things like loads, conductors, power sources, currents, etc.

Question 39

Ohms Law

Answer 39

Ohms are a measure of resistance in an electrical current. Demonstrates relationship between currents (A), voltage (V), and resistance (Ohms).

Remember the Ohm triangle, V on top.

 V ---------- A/I x R