elderly assessment

Question 1

physical changes

eyes

Answer 1

• cataract d/t uv rays
• less lubrication, dry eye syndrome
• arcus senilis: accumulation of calcium and cholesterol salts as limbus of the eye
• cornea: becomes hazy
• pupils: decrease in size, react more slowly and dilate more slowly in dark
• ptosis: muscles of upper lid weaken: causes drooping

Question 2

physical change

nose

Answer 2

• loss of smell

- causes decreased appetite

Question 3

physical changes

mouth

Answer 3

• dentition
• change in saliva d/t medication
• dry mouth d/t diabetes

Question 4

physical change

cardiovascular

Answer 4

• orthostatic hypotension

- aortic stenosis causing systolic murmur-benign

Question 5

physical changes

male

Answer 5

• decreased testosterone, decreased fertility

- prostate enlargement-change in urination and erection

Question 6

mini mental exam

Answer 6

perfect: 30
normal: >25
mild: 19-24 points
severe:

Question 7

physical changes

skin

Answer 7

lentigines: flat, tan macules-caused by sun exposure
senile purpura
seborrheic keratosis: common, irregular shape, scaly, lumpy, benign
skin tags: commonly on neck
cherry angiomas: pink/red color caused by dilation of vessels, benign
actinic keratoses: pre-cancerous lesion, needs tx

Question 8

functional assessment/functional impairment

Answer 8

• ADLS/IADLS
• get up and go test
• incontinence: 30% elderly, referable to urologist
• inappropriate medication use
• poor nutrition: BMR decreases with age, eating enough
• unintentional weight loss: more than 5% of weight in 1 month