elderly, angry, deaf Flashcards
Motivational Interviewing Principles and Clinical Application
Collaborative, patient-centered approach to guiding behavior change.
Strengthens motivation by focusing on patient autonomy.
Essential for successful oral health recommendations.
How can dental hygienists communicate value to patients?
By encouraging return visits through effective communication and reinforcing the importance of oral health.
- Engaging in casual conversation about personal topics to build rapport with the patient.
- By highlighting progress, addressing concerns, and suggesting specific follow-up times.
What are cardiovascular changes associated with aging?
Increased heart contractions, reduced elasticity in the heart, arteries, and veins.
How does aging affect the respiratory system?
Reduced lung elasticity, weaker muscles, and enlarged alveoli.
What gastrointestinal changes occur with aging?
Decreased gastric acid production and slower peristalsis, leading to constipation.
How does aging impact the urinary system?
Reduced kidney function and filtration.
What endocrine changes occur with aging?
Altered hormone production affecting body regulation.
How does aging affect the brain and nervous system?
Brain size declines, and cognitive impairment is common in 1/3 of those over 85.
What immune system changes occur with aging?
Weaker antibodies and increased autoimmune risk.
How does aging impact the musculoskeletal system?
Reduced bone density and muscle mass.
What sensory system changes occur with aging?
Decline in hearing and vision issues like presbyopia (farsightedness).
What is Alzheimer’s disease, and how does it affect dental care?
Alzheimer’s is an irreversible, progressive brain degeneration.
It involves stages from mild (independent) to severe (dependent care).
Dental concerns include increased caries risk, aspiration pneumonia, and inability to communicate discomfort.
How does aging affect the integumentary system?
Changes in skin, hair, and nails, with an increased risk of skin cancer.
How does arthritis impact dental care?
Arthritis causes joint pain and stiffness, which affects plaque control. Adaptive oral hygiene aids are recommended to assist with oral care.
What are dental considerations for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
COPD causes breathing difficulty, and the use of Cavitron is contraindicated. Patient positioning must be carefully considered.
What considerations should be taken for diabetic patients in dental care?
Blood sugar should be maintained before and during dental care. Medical clearance may be needed for certain procedures.
How does cardiovascular disease affect dental treatment?
Medications for cardiovascular disease can impact dental treatment. INR evaluation is necessary for invasive procedures.
What is the impact of osteoporosis on dental care?
Osteoporosis weakens bones, and bisphosphonates increase the risk of osteonecrosis. Extractions and elective surgeries should be avoided.
How does Parkinson’s disease affect dental care?
Parkinson’s disease causes involuntary movements and excessive drooling, which may impact oral hygiene and care.
Why is preventative care important for stroke patients?
Preventative care is crucial, and adaptive aids may be needed for effective oral hygiene following a stroke.
What are some pathological oral changes that can occur with aging?
Xerostomia (dry mouth), oral candidiasis (fungal infection), angular cheilitis (cracked corners of the lips), and oral cancer (especially in the tongue, lips, and floor of the mouth).
What are some normal oral changes that occur with aging?
Thinning of oral mucosa, changes in the tongue, and reduced taste function. Salivary glands generally remain unchanged unless affected by a pathology.
What dental and periodontal changes are common in aging?
Wear, attrition, abfraction, abrasion, loss of periodontal ligament elasticity, and a higher prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis.
What types of medications commonly cause dry mouth?
Medications used to treat depression, anxiety, pain, allergies, colds, obesity, acne, epilepsy, hypertension, diarrhea, nausea, psychotic disorders, urinary incontinence, asthma, and Parkinson’s disease.
