Elbow, Writst, Hand

Question 1

Later epicondylitis causes/risk factors

Answer 1

Usually due to overuse, extensor musculature is affected; tennis, golf

Question 2

S/S of lateral epicondylitis

Answer 2

Tenderness along the lateral border of the elbow, pain when picking up objects while pronated, reduced grip strength, hypertonicity of forearm, radiating pain into forearm

Question 3

Exam findings for lateral epicondylitis

Answer 3

Motor strength weakened with wrist extension and grip, tenderness over extensor carpi radialis brevis, restriction at radial head, hypertonicity of forearm muscles

Question 4

Ortho tests for lateral epicondylitis

Answer 4

kaplan’s, mills, cozens

Question 5

Treatment for lateral epicondylitis

Answer 5

Avoid excessive/repetitive twisting at the wrist, ice pack, soft tissue release

Question 6

Complications of lateral epicondylitis

Answer 6

Recurrence of the injury with overuse, rupture of the tendon with repeated steroid injections

Question 7

Cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 7

Lesion of ulnar nerve; pressure in cubital tunnel
Combination of shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, and wrist extension results in the greatest increase in cubital tunnel pressure

Question 8

Cubital tunnel syndrome s/s

Answer 8

Paresthesia to 4th and 5th digits

Question 9

Wartenburg sign

Answer 9

A sign noting the position of abduction assumed by the little finger. In ulnar paralysis the little finger in a position of abduction

Question 10

Exam findings in cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 10

Pain over the posterior and medial elbow, weak flexor digitorum profundus (4th and 5th digit), paresthesia along ulnar distribution

Question 11

Orthos for cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 11

Froments test, tinel’s, elbow flexion test

Question 12

Grade 1 cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 12

Mild lesions with paresthesia along the ulnar nerve distribution, a feeling of clumsiness in the affected hand, no wasting or weakness of the intrinsic muscles

Question 13

Grade II cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 13

Intermediate lesions with weak interossei and muscle wasting

Question 14

Grade III cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 14

Severe lesions with paralysis of the interossei and a marked weakness of the hand

Question 15

Cubital tunnel syndrome treatment

Answer 15

ST mobilization, progressively strengthen flexors, reduce elbow flexion, PT

Question 16

Carpal tunnel

Answer 16

Entrapment of median nerve in flexor retinaculum

Question 17

S/S of carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 17

Pain, tingling, or numbness in the hand along median nerve distribution—digits 1-3, weakness with wrist and finger flexion

Question 18

Examination of carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 18

Pinch and grip strength weak or diminished, paresthesia along median nerve, pain in carpal tunnel region

Question 19

Orthos for carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 19

Tinel’s, phalan’s, reverse phalen’s

Question 20

Carpal tunnel syndrome treatment

Answer 20

Adjustments of trapezium, trapezoid, and capitate, soft tissue work