Elbow/wrist/hand Flashcards
Humerus landmarks
Medial/lateral condyles
Olecranon process
Capitulum (radius) + trochlear (ulna)- articulating surfaces
Radius landmarks
Radial head Radial tuberosity (bicep attachment)
Ulna landmarks
Olecranon process
Coronoid process (articular surface of ulna)
Ulna tuberosity
Wrist landmarks
Listers tubercle (posterior attachment)
Radial styloid process
Ulnar styloid process
Anterior view: bones of wrist
Scaphoid Lunate Pisiform on top of triquetrum Hook of hamate Capitate Trapezium Trapezoid
Where does hand begin
Distal row
Joints at elbow
Humeral ulna
Radio humeral
Proximal radioulnar
What type of joint is humeral-radial
Synovial hinge
What type of joint is humeral-ulnar
Synovial hinge
What type of joint is proximal radial/ulnar
Synovial pivot
Carrying angle
Benf in elbow when fully extended
ROM of elbow: flexion
140-150
ROM of elbow: extension
10-15
ROM of elbow: pronation
90
ROM of elbow: supination
90
Elbow accessory movements
Medial + lateral gapping
Accessory movements at radial carpal joint
Distraction/ compression
ANterior/posterior shear
Medial/lateral gapping
ROM of wrist: flexion
80-90
ROM of wrist: extension
70-90
ROM of wrist: ulnar deviation
30-40
ROM of wrist: radial deviation
15
Distal radius + ulna articulations: radial ulna joint
Syndemosis (between radius + ulna)
Distal radius + ulna articulations: radio carpal joint
Synovial ellipsoid- round surface
Distal radius + ulna articulations: ulnar carpal joint
Not a joint, just fibro-cartilagenous disc
What stops ulna deviation
Articular disc
ROM of hand: finger abduction
20-30
ROM of hand: finger adduction
30-45
ROM of hand: finger extension
30-45
ROM of hand: finger flexion
85-90
ROM of hand: thumb abduction
60-70
ROM of hand: thumb adduction
30
ROM of hand: thumb extension
0-5
ROM of hand: thumb flexion
45-90
Elbow muscles for flexion
140-150 Brachiales Biceps brachia Brachoradialis Assisted by pronator trees
Elbow muscles for extension
10-15
Tricpes brachia
Anconeus
Elbow muscles for supination
90
Biceps brachia
Supinator
Elbow muscles for pronation
90
Pronator quadrates
Pronator trees
Cubital fossa boundaries
Superior- horizontal (/imaginary) line between epicondyles
MEdial- lateral border of pronator trees
Lateral- medial border of brachioradialis
Cubital fossa contents
Median nerve Radial nerve Deep branch radial nerve Ulnar artery Radial artery Brachial artery Cubital lymph node
Wrist muscles for flexion
80-90 Flexor carpi radialis Flexor cari ulnas Palmaris longs Assisted by: -flexor digitorum superficialis/profundus -abductor pollicis longs
Wrist muscles for extension
70-90 Extensor carpi radialis longs/brevis Extensor carpi ulnas Assisted by: -extensor digitorum -extensor digit minimi -extensor indices -extensor policies longs
Wrist muscles for radial deviation
15 Flexor carpi radialis Extensor carpi radialis longs/brevis Abductor policies longs Extensor policies brevis
Wrist muscles for ulnar deviation
30-40
Flexor carpi ulnas
Extensor carpi ulnas
Pronation- radio-ulnar joint: pronator quadrates
Thumb muscles for flexion
45-50
Flexor policies brevis
Opponens policies
Flexor policies longs
Thumb muscles for extension
5
Extensor polls longs
Extensor policies brevis
Abductor policies longs
Thumb muscles for abduction
60-70
Abductor policies longs
Abductor policies brevis
Thumb muscles for adduction
30
Adductor policies
List the muscles of opposition of thumb
Opponens policies ]Flexor policies brevis
Finger muscles for flexion
85-115 Flexor digitorum superficially Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor policies longs Flexor digit minimise brevis Assisted by: -lumbricals interossei
Finger muscles for extension
30-45 Extensor digitorum Extensor indices Extensor digit minimise Extensor policies longs/brevis
Finger muscles for abduction
20-30
Dorsi interossei
Abductor digitiminimi
Finger muscles for adduction
Palmar interossei Adductor policies Assisted by: -flexor digitorum superficialis -flexor digitruu profundus
Muscles of opposition of fingers
Opponens digiti
