elbow wrist and hand anatomy

Question 1

What three types of forces does the elbow transmit?

Answer 1

Traction, compression, torsion

Question 2

What functional activities are the hands positioned for by the elbow?

Answer 2

Eating, grooming, fine motor skills

Question 3

What are the three bones that make up the elbow joint?

Answer 3

Humerus, ulna, radius

Question 4

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

Answer 4

Synovial hinge joint

Question 5

What articulates at the humeroulnar joint?

Answer 5

Trochlea of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna

Question 6

What articulates at the humeroradial joint?

Answer 6

Capitulum of humerus with head of radius

Question 7

What is the nature of the superior radial-ulnar joint?

Answer 7

Pivot joint

Question 8

What type of cartilage covers the articulating surfaces of the elbow?

Answer 8

Hyaline cartilage

Question 9

What structure do all three articulations of the elbow share?

Answer 9

Singular synovial membrane and capsule

Question 10

What is the carrying angle?

Answer 10

Angle made by the axes of the arm and forearm when the elbow is fully extended

Question 11

What is the typical carrying angle for males?

Answer 11

5-10 degrees

Question 12

What is the typical carrying angle for females?

Answer 12

10-15 degrees

Question 13

What are the collateral ligaments of the elbow?

Answer 13

Strong triangular bands that thicken the fibrous layer of the joint capsule

Question 14

What is the strongest band of the ulna collateral ligament?

Answer 14

Anterior cord-like band

Question 15

What is the weakest band of the ulna collateral ligament?

Answer 15

Posterior fan-like band

Question 16

What type of joint is the superior radioulnar joint?

Answer 16

Synovial pivot joint

Question 17

What is the function of the annular ligament?

Answer 17

Holds radial head in position and allows rotation for pronation and supination

Question 18

What movements occur at the humeroulnar joint?

Answer 18

Flexion and extension

Question 19

What movements occur at the humeroradial joint?

Answer 19

Flexion, extension, pronation, supination

Question 20

What movements occur at the superior radioulnar joint?

Answer 20

Supination and pronation

Question 21

What articulates at the inferior radioulnar joint?

Answer 21

Rounded head of the ulna with ulnar notch on the radius

Question 22

What binds the end of the ulna and radius together at the inferior radioulnar joint?

Answer 22

Triangular ligament

Question 23

What connects the interosseous margins of the radius and ulna?

Answer 23

Interosseous membrane

Question 24

What is supination?

Answer 24

Palms turn anteriorly

Question 25

What is pronation?

Answer 25

Palms turn posteriorly

Question 26

What are the types of bursae around the elbow?

Answer 26

• Intra-tendinous olecranon bursa
• Sub tendinous olecranon bursa
• Subcutaneous olecranon bursa
• Bicipitoradial bursa

Question 27

What is the cubital fossa?

Answer 27

Triangular shaped area over anterior aspect of the elbow joint

Question 28

What forms the superior border of the cubital fossa?

Answer 28

Imaginary line between the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus

Question 29

What are the contents of the cubital fossa from lateral to medial?

Answer 29

• Radial nerve
• Tendon of biceps brachii
• Brachial artery
• Median nerve

Question 30

What are the superficial veins located in the roof of the cubital fossa?

Answer 30

• Median cubital vein
• Basilic vein
• Cephalic vein