Elbow and Forearm

Question 1

Ligaments

Answer 1

radial collateral, ulnar collateral, annular

Question 2

Anterior muscles

Answer 2

Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis, Pronator teres, pronator quadraturs

Question 3

Posterior

Answer 3

Triceps Brachii, Anconeus, Supinator

Question 4

Biceps Brachii Long head OIA

Answer 4

O: supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
I: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
A: elbow flexion, forearm supination
I: musculotaneous nerve

Question 5

Biceps Brachii Short head OIA

Answer 5

O: coracoid process and glenoid fossa
I: radial tuberosity
A: flex elbow, forearm supination
I: musculotaneous nerve

Question 6

Other actions of biceps brachii

Answer 6

weak shoulder joint flexion, weak shoulder joint abduction (in external rotation), assister, produces more force when wrist is supinated

Question 7

Strengthen bicep

Answer 7

bicep curl, chin ups, rope climbing

Question 8

Stretch bicep

Answer 8

full elbow extension, shoulder extension, wrist pronated

Question 9

Brachialis OIA

Answer 9

O: distal 1/2 of anterior shaft of humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna
A: flexion of elbow
I: musculotaneous nerve

only pure flexor

Question 10

Strengthen brachialis

Answer 10

bicep curls in pronation, chin ups, rope climbing

Question 11

Stretch brachialis

Answer 11

shoulder flexed, fully extend elbow

Question 12

Brachioradialis OIA

Answer 12

O: distal 2/3 of the lateral supra condylar ride of humerus
I: lateral surface of distal end of radius at the styloid process
A: flexion of elbow, pronates from supinated to neutral, supination from pronated to neutral
I: radial nerve

Question 13

strengthen brachioradialis

Answer 13

best at flexion in neutral, hammer curls

Question 14

stretch brachioradialis

Answer 14

shoulder flexed, elbow extension, forearm in max pronation or supination

Question 15

Triceps Brachii OIA (Long, lateral, medial)

Answer 15

Long O: Infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral O: upper 1/2 of posterior humerus
Medial O: distal 2/3 of posterior humerus
I: olecranon process of ulna
A: extend elbow,
A (long head): extension , adduction, horizontal abduction of shoulder joint
I: radial nerve

Question 16

Strengthen triceps

Answer 16

pushups, dips, bench press, tricep curls

Question 17

Stretch triceps

Answer 17

tricep stretch

Question 18

Anconeus OIA

Answer 18

O: lateral condyle of humerus
I: posterior surface of lateral olecranon process and proximal 1/4 of ulna
A:extension of elbow
I: radial nerve

Question 19

Pronator Teres

Answer 19

O: distal part of medial condyle humerus medial side of proximal ulna
I: middle 1/3 of lateral surface of radius
A: pronation, weak elbow flexion
I: median nerve

Question 20

Strengthen pronator teres

Answer 20

forearm with dumbbell

Question 21

Stretch pronator teres

Answer 21

extend elbow, take forearm into full supination

Question 22

Pronator Quadratus OIA :wrist watch muscle”

Answer 22

O: distal 1/4 of anterior ulna
I: distal 1/4 of anterior radius
A: pronation
I: median nerve

Question 23

Strengthen pronator quadratus

Answer 23

turning a screwdriver, pronation against resistance

Question 24

Stretch pronator quadruatus

Answer 24

passively supinate forearm

Question 25

Supinator OIA

Answer 25

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, neighboring posterior part of ulna,
I: lateral surface of proximal radius just below head
A: supination
I: radial nerve

Question 26

Stretch supinator

Answer 26

with pronation

Question 27

Strengthen

Answer 27

most isolated in supination, with elbow extended

Question 28

Injury to medial nerve

Answer 28

weak pronator quadruatus, pronator teres

Question 29

Active insufficiency

Answer 29

when muscle is at its shortest length, it is at its weakest

Question 30

Unnecessary co-activation

Answer 30

in the name of efficient- smaller muscles are activated first
-as movements become learned nervous system gets better at activating less muscle groups