Chapter ONE - foundations of structural kinesiology Flashcards
structural kinesiology
the study of muscles, bones, and joints as they are involved in the science of movement
what is the difference between anatomical position and fundamental position?
fundamental differ in that it has the arms are at the ides with the palms facing the body
Mid-axillary line
passes through the apex of the axilla
anterior axillary line
passes through the anterior axillary skinfold
posterior axillary line
passes through the posterior axillary skinfold
mid clavicular line
passing through the midpoint of the clavicle
mid-inguinal point
a point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic symphysis
dexter
relating to, or situated to the right or on the right side of, something
ipsilateral
on the same side
sinister
relating to, or situated to the let or on the left side of something
ventral
relating to the belly or abdomen, on the toward to the front, anterior part of
volar
relating to the palm of the hand or sole of the foot
anteversion
abnormal or excessive rotation forward of a structure
retroversion
abnormal or excessive rotation backward of a structure such as a femoral retroversion
What are the cardinal planes of motion?
sagittal (midsagittal or median), parasagittal (parallel to the sagittal), frontal (coronoal, lateral), transverse (axial, horizontal)
frontal axis is perpendicular to ….
sagittal plane
Sagittal axis is perpendicular to…
frontal plane
vertical axis is perpendicular to…
transverse plane
Skeletal functions
protection, support, movement, storage, hemopoiesis (blood formation)
How can joints be classified?
by structure or by function
classify joints by structure
fibrous - immovable - connective tissue
cartilaginous - slightly movable - cartilage
synovial - completely movable - joint capsule
classify joints by function
Synarthroidal - immovable
Amphiarthroidal - slightly movable
Diarthroidal - completely movable
types of synarthroidal joints
suture (skull bones) and gomphosis (tooth and socket)
types of amphiarthrodial joints
syndesmosis- held by strong ligaments (i.e. inferior tibfib joint), allow slight movement
Symphysis - joint separated by fibrocartilage pad
Synchondrosis - joint separated by hyaline cartilage
Diarthrodial joints
joint capsule, joint cavity, nonelastic ligaments, hyaline cartilage
osteokinematics
bones moving through cardinal planes as a result of physiological movements
arthrokinematic motions
motion between actual articular surfaces
Accessory motions
spin, roll, glide
