Elbow Anatomy Flashcards
What are the features of the elbow joint?
Capsule which attaches around edges of joint
Ligaments
Hyaline cartilage
Overlying muscles
What does the elbow joint allow do?
It is non-weight bearing
Assists in placing hand in space
What are the posterior distal humeral articular surfaces of the elbow?
Trochlea
Olecranon Fossa
Capitulum
What are the anterior distal humeral articular surface of the elbow?
Coronoid fossa
Radial fossa
Lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondyle
Capitulum
What attaches onto the lateral and medial epicondyle?
Extensors attach to the lateral epicondyle
Flexors attach to the medial epicondyle
Where are the radius and ulna on the body?
Radius is lateral when in anatomical position (underneath thumb)
Ulna, you go to olecranon and go along distally.
What and where is the elbow joint line?
A line joining the points 1cm below the lateral epicondyle and 2cm below the medial epicondyle
What are the important bony points of the elbow?
Medial epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Olecranon
Head of radius
Radial and Ulnar styloid process
What is the ligament that goes around the head of radius called?
Annular ligament and if the arm is pulled the radius can be pulled from behind the ligament (pulled arm syndrome)
Where does your bicep insert onto?
The radial tuberosity
What are the movements available at the elbow joint and what muscles cause them?
Flexion - Biceps (brachialis and bracioradialis)
Extension - triceps
What is the resting position of the elbow?
10 degrees supination & 70 degrees elbow flexion
What is the closed pack position?
Extension with supination
What causes stability at the humeroulnar joint?
Shape of articular surfaces
Joint capsule
Collateral ligaments - ulnar collateral (mcl) and radial collateral (LCL)
Triceps/Biceps
Common flex/ext tendons
What type of joints are the radio-ulnar joints?
Pivot joints
Where can you find the superior radio-ulnar joint?
In capsule of elbow with the annular ligament
Where can you find the inferior radio-ulnar joint?
Radius pivots around ulnar notch
What causes supination and pronation at the radio-ulnar joint?
Supination - biceps and supinator
Pronation - Pronator teres
What is the resting position of the radio-ulnar joints?
35 degrees supination & 70 degrees elbow flexion
What is the close packed position of radio-ulnar joints?
5 degrees supination
What is the interosseus membrane?
It is in between the radius & ulna
Strong fibrous sheet
transmit forces
What are the muscles in the flexor compartment of the elbow?
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Digitorum profundus/ Superficialis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
What are the muscles in the extensor compartment of the elbow?
Supinator
Extensor Carpi Radialis longus/ Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
