EL 8 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the alternative names for the following:
- Group 1
- Group 2

A

Group 1 - Alkali metals
Group 2 - Alkali earth metals

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2
Q

Describe and explain the trends in group 1 and 2

A
  • They get more metallic going down the group. This is because form cations more readily going down the group in ionic compounds
  • Elements become less metallic going across a period, because group 1 metals are more reactive than group 2 metals
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3
Q

why aren’t s-block metals as widely used as others

A
  • they tend to be more soft and weak with low melting points
  • they are too reactive with water and oxygen
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4
Q

what is the first ionisation enthalpy

A

The first ionisation enthalpy of an element is the energy needed to remove one electron from every atom in one mole of isolated gaseous atoms of the element

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5
Q

what is the general trend across a period for the first ionisation enthalpy

A
  • it becomes more difficult to remove the outer electron going across a period
  • this is because whilst electrons are being added to the outer shell protons are being added to the nucleus so the outer electros are more strongly attracted
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6
Q

how does ionisation energy provide support for the theory of electron subshells

A
  • there is some variation amongst the general trend of increase across a period
  • there is a decrease between beryllium and boron
  • beryllium’s outer electron is in the s subshell and boron’s is in the p subshell
  • s sub shell is lower energy than p
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7
Q

define acid

A

a compound that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions

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8
Q

define base

A

a compound that reacts with an acid - is a proton acceptor - to produce water (and salt)

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9
Q

define alkali

A
  • a base that dissolves in water to produce hydroxide, OH - ions
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10
Q

what is a neutralisation reaction

A
  • when an alkali reacts with an acid and a salt is formed
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11
Q

what does the concentration of a solution depend on

A
  • the amount of solute
  • the final volume of the solution
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12
Q

what’s the relationship between
- moles
- conc.
- volume

A

amount (moles) = concentration (mol/dm3) x volume of solution (dm3)

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