Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUR 213 > EKG Rhythms > Flashcards

EKG Rhythms Flashcards

1
Q

Name this rhythm

A

NSR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name this rhythm

A

Sinus tachy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name this rhythm

A

Premature Atrial Contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name this rhythm

A

A-fib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name this rhythm

A

Atrial Fibrillation
or
A-fib
W/ RVR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is this rhythm

A

Atrial flutter
or
A flutter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is this rhythm

A

Super ventricular tachycardia
or
SVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A

Junctional rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is this rhythm

A

Accelerated Juntional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What rhythm is this?

A

Junctional tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What rhythm is this

A

PVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What rhythm is this

A

PVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What rhythm is this

A

PVC Couplet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What rhythm is this

A

PVC triplet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What rhythm is this

A

PVC Bigeminy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What rhythm is this?

A

PVC Trigeminy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What rhythm is this

A

Ventricular tachycardia
or
V-tach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What rhythm is this

A

V-tach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What rhythm is this

A

Ventricular Fibrillation
or
V-fib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What rhythm is this?

A

Ventricular Fibrillation
or
V-fib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What rhythm is this?

A

Idioventricular Rhythm
or
IVR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What rhythm is this?

A

Accelerated IVR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What rhythm is this?

A

Agonal rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What rhythm is this?

A

Asystole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What type of heart block is this?

A

1st degree heart block

If the R is far from P, then you have a 1st Degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What type of heart block is this?

A

2nd degree heart block - type II
or
Mobitz II

If some Ps don’t get through, Then you have a Mobitz II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What type of heart block is this?

A

2nd degree block - type 1 wenkeback or
Mobitz I

Longer, longer, longer, BLOCK Then you have a WENKEBACH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What type of heart block is this?

A

3rd Degree block
or
Complete heart block

If Qs and Ps don’t agree, Then you have a 3rd Degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Conditions that can cause Sinus tach

A
  • Infection
  • Fever
  • Anemia
  • Hypovolemia
  • Hypotension
  • PE
  • MI
  • Stimulant drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How to treat sinus tach

A
  • Treat the underlying cause
  • Oxygen
  • vagal maneuvers or carotid massage
  • Beta blockers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Non-cardiac causes of Sinus Brady

A
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Increased ICP
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hypothermia
  • Sleep/deep relaxation
  • Glaucoma
  • Valsalva’s maneuver
  • Vomiting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Cardiac diseases that can cause sinus brady

A
  • SA node disease
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Myocarditis
  • Myocardial Ischemia
  • Immediately after an inferior wall MI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Drugs that can cause Sinus brady

A
  • Beta blockers
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Lithium
  • Antiarrythmics (Sotalol, Amiodarone, Propafenone, Quinidine)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How to treat sinus brady

A
  • Atropine
  • Transcutaneous Pacing
  • Oxygen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

S/S of sinus brady

A
  • Hypotension
  • Dizziness
  • Lightheaded
  • Fainting
  • SHOB
  • Sweating
  • Anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What rhythm is this?

a regular rhythm that has the same characteristics as an N S R except the HR is greater than 100 bpm.

A

Sinus tach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is this rhythm?

non–life-threatening dysrhythmias that can be seen in N S R. In this dysrhythmia, a pacemaker cell close to the S A node fires earlier than expected. This is an irregular rhythm due to the early impulse or beat.

A

Premature atrial contractions
or
PAC’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Causes of PAC’s

A
  • Hypoxia
  • Ischemia
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Medication toxicities - Dig
  • excessive Stimulant ingestion
  • Infection
  • CAD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

S/S of PAC’s

A
  • SHOB
  • Sweating
  • Anxiety
  • Palpitations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

How to treat PAC’s

A

Treat underlying cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What rhythm is this?

has no P waves. It is best described as multiple pacemaker cells generating independent electrical impulses and causing chaos within the atria. It is characterized as irregularly irregular. The Q R S complexes are usually narrow with irregular R–R intervals.

A

Atrial fibrillation
or
A-FIB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Causes of AFIB

A
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Pericarditis
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • HTN
  • Valvular Dx
  • Obesity
  • DM
  • CKD
  • Cardiac procedures or surgery
  • CAD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Meds for Afib

A
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Beta-blockers
  • Cardioversion
  • Anticoags
  • Anti-anxiety meds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

How is new onset A-fib treated initially?

A

Meds to control HR i.e. digoxin, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Once heart rate is managed for a patient with new onset A-fib, what is considered?

A
  • Antiarrythmic medications
  • cardiac ablation
  • Cardioversion
46
Q

The scarring/destroying the tissue in the heart responsible for the irregular rhythm

A

Cardiac ablation

47
Q

Cardioversion is considered after what is attained and why?

A

adequate coagualtion d/t delivering the shock could dislodge a clot on the wall of the atria which can travel to the brain or lungs

48
Q

How long after onset of a-fib should cardioverson be done?

A

within the first 48 hrs of onset

49
Q

What rhythm is this?

a dysrhythmia produced by a pacemaker cell other than the S A node. Because the S A node is not the primary pacemaker in this rhythm, there are no P waves. Flutter waves (F waves), however, are present. F waves resemble a sawtooth pattern between narrow Q R S complexes.

A

Atrial Flutter
or
A flutter

50
Q

What could cause Atrial flutter

A
  • Acute MI
  • Mitral valve disease
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • COPD
  • Chest surgery - Coronary artery bypass or pneumonectomy
  • Medication toxicities - dig
51
Q

S/S of Atrial Flutter & Atrial fibrillation

A
  • Palpitations
  • SHOB
  • Hypotension
  • Lightheaded
  • Fainting
  • Sweating
  • Anxiety
52
Q

Treatment for Atrial flutter

6

A
  • Antiarrythmic
  • Anticoagulants
  • Beta-blocker
  • Ca++ channel blockers
  • Consider cardioversion
  • Oxygen
53
Q

Complications of A-fib & A-flutter

A
  • Loss of cardiac output
  • Blood clots
54
Q

What rhythm is this?

a rapid heart rhythm that originates above the ventricles. It most commonly appears as a regular, narrow Q R S complex tachycardia. Heart rates greater than 100 bpm, can be as fast as 150 – 250 bpm.

A

Supraventricular tachycardia
or
SVT

55
Q

SVT is an umbrella term for what narrow complex tachycardias?

A
  • Sinus tach
  • A-fib w/ RVR
  • A-Flutter w/ RVR
  • Junctional tach
56
Q

S/S of SVT

A
  • Hypotension
  • Dizziness
  • Lightheaded
  • Fainting
  • SHOB
  • Sweating
  • Anxiety
  • Palpitations
57
Q

Treatment for SVT

And other rhythms that fall under it

6 - AABCCO

A
  • Adenosine
  • Amniodarone
  • Beta blockers
  • Calcium Channel blockers
  • Cardioversion (Possibly)
  • Oxygen
58
Q

Causes of SVT

A
  • Infection
  • Fever
  • Hypovolemia
  • Hypoxia
  • Ischemia
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Stimulants
  • MI
  • Med toxicities
59
Q

Before treating SVT what needs to be done?

A

The underlying rhythm needs to be identified

60
Q

What rhythm is this?

  • Originates in AV Node
  • Causes the impulse to split and travel backwards up to the Atria, causing an inverted or absent P-wave
  • Rates can vary
A

Junctional rhythms

61
Q

What are the types of junctional rhythms?

A
  • Junctional tachycardia
  • Accelerated junctional rhythm
62
Q

If a junctional rhythm has a rate from 61-100 BPM how is it identified?

A

Accelerated junctional rhythm

63
Q

If a junctional rhythm has a HR greater than 100 BPM how is it identified?

A

Junctional tachycardia

64
Q

Treatment for junctional rhythms

4 - ADOT

A
  • Atropine
  • Depends on symptoms and cause
  • Oxygen
  • Transcutaneous Pacing
65
Q

What rhythm is this?

rhythms that originate somewhere within the ventricles. When an impulse starts in the ventricle, there is no P wave, and the Q R S is usually wide

A

Premature Ventricular Contractions
or
PVC’s

66
Q

Causes of PVC’s

A
  • Hypoxia
  • MI
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Stimulants
  • HTN
  • Recreational drug use
  • Medication toxicities
67
Q

Treatment of PVC’s

A

Treatment of PVCs is based on the patient’s symptoms. If the patient is symptomatic, treatment includes correcting the cause and, rarely, antiarrhythmic therapy.

68
Q

What rhythm is this?

  • Three or more PVCs in a row.
  • Can be a life-threatening dysrhythmia as a result of the significant reduction in cardiac output that can occur.
A

Ventricular Tachycardia
or
V-tach

69
Q

Causes of V-tach

A
  • Hypoxia
  • MI
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Stimulants
  • HTN
  • Recreational drug use
  • Medication toxicities
70
Q

If you have a patient in V-Tach what do you need to do FIRST?

A

Assess for a pulse

71
Q

How to treat V-Tach with a pulse?

A
  • Antiarrythmic - amniodarone
  • Electrolyte r/p - K & Mg
  • Cardioversion
72
Q

During cardioversion, when is the shock delivered?

A

at the time of ventricular depolarization

73
Q

How to treat pulseless V-Tach?

A
  • CPR
  • Defibrillation
74
Q
  • A lethal dysrhythmia requiring immediate treatment.
  • It is the most frequently seen rhythm in cardiac arrests occurring outside of the hospital.
  • Occurs when the ventricle has multiple chaotic impulses rapidly firing.
  • This chaotic firing prevents the ventricles from pushing blood out of the heart, stopping cardiac output, and causing death.
A

Ventricular fibrillation
or
V-FIB

75
Q

Causes of V-fib

A
  • Hypoxia
  • Hypovolemia
  • MI
  • PE
  • Acidosis
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Cardiac tamponade
  • Toxins
76
Q

Meds used in treatment for pt in V-fib

A
  • Antiarrythmics
  • Epinephrine
77
Q

Nursing interventions for V-fib

A
  • Call a Code
  • Start and maintain CPR
  • Defibrillate per ACLS guidelines
  • Ensure IV access
  • Free-flowing NS fluid bolus
  • Administer meds
78
Q

Nursing interventions for V-fib with a pulse

A
  • Stay with client
  • Call Rapid Response
  • Frequent assessment for symptoms
  • Obtain ECG
  • Ensure IV access
  • Administer meds as ordered
  • Prepare for cardioversion
79
Q

Meds used to treat V-Tach

A
  • Antiarrythmics
  • Electrolyte r/p
80
Q

Nursing Interventions for PVC’s

A

Assess client frequently:
* LOC
* Palpable pulses
* BP and HR
* Symptoms

81
Q

Meds used to treat Junctional rhythms

A
  • Atropine
  • Anti-anxiety meds
82
Q

Nursing interventions for junctional rhythms

A
  • Get help and stay with client
  • Assess client frequently (q5min): LOC, palpable pulses, BP, and HR
  • Obtain ECG
  • Ensure IV access
  • Administer meds as ordered
  • Prepare for Transcutaneous pacing
    *
83
Q

Meds used to treat SVT

And all the other rhythms under it’s ‘umbrella’

A
  • Adenosine
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Beta-blockers
  • Amnioderone
84
Q

Nursing interventions for A-flutter & A-fib

A
  • Stay with client
  • Assess client frequently (Q5 min): LOC, palpable pulses, BP and HR
  • ECG
  • Ensure IV Access
  • Administer meds as ordered
  • Prepare for cardioversion
85
Q

Meds used to treat A-fib

A
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Beta-blockers
  • Anticoags
86
Q

Nursing interventions for PAC’s

A

Assess client frequently (q 5 min)
* LOC
* Palpable pulses
* BP and HR
* Symptoms

87
Q

Nursing interventions for Sinus tach

A
  • Oxygen as ordered
  • Assess client frequently (q 5 min): LOC, palpable pulses, BP, and HR
  • Contact provider
  • Call Rapid Response
  • EKG
  • Ensure IV access
  • Administer meds as ordered
  • Anticipate antianxiety drugs
  • DO NOT LEAVE CLIENT
88
Q

Meds given to treat Sinus tach

A
  • Beta-blockers
  • Anti-anxiety meds
89
Q

Nursing Interventions for Sinus brady

A
  • Oxygen as ordered
  • Assess client frequently (q 5 min): LOC, palpable pulses, BP, and HR
  • Contact provider
  • Call Rapid Response
  • EKG
  • Ensure IV access
  • Administer meds as ordered
  • Prepare for transcutaneous pacing
  • Place defib/pacing pads on client
  • Anticipate sedation, if BP stable
  • DO NOT LEAVE CLIENT
90
Q

Meds used to treat Sinus brady

A

Atropine

91
Q

S/S of a Idioventricular rhythm

A
  • Dizziness
  • Lightheaded
  • Fainting
  • SHOB
  • Sweating
  • Anxiety
  • Palpitations
  • Hypotension
  • Decreased LOC
92
Q

Causes of Idioventricular Rhythm

A
  • Hypoxia
  • Hypovolemia
  • Ischemia
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Stimulants
  • Toxins (cocaine, dig, anesthetics)
93
Q

Heart conditions that can cause an IVR

A
  • MI
  • Post cardiac arrest
  • myocarditis
  • CM
  • Congenital heart disease
94
Q

What is this rhythm?

occurs when the S A and A V nodes fail to function and the rhythm is generated from the ventricle. The rate is usually less than 40 bpm.

A

Idioventricular rhythm
or
IVR

95
Q

Nursing interventions for an IVR

A
  • Call Rapid Response
  • Stay with client
  • Frequent assessment of symptoms: LOC, BP, and HR
  • Palpable pulses
  • Obtain ECG
  • Ensure IV access
  • Administer meds as ordered
  • Prepare for transcutaneous pacing
96
Q

Treatment for IVR

A

based on the patient’s symptoms. If the patient is symptomatic, the treatment includes correcting the cause, pacing, and atropine.

97
Q

How to treat Asystole

A
  • Check for pulse
  • CPR
  • Epi
98
Q

Nursing Interventions for IVR

A
  • Call a Code
  • Start CPR
  • Ensure IV access
  • Free-flowing NS IV fluids
  • Administer emergency meds
99
Q

Is asystole a shockable rhythm?

A

NO

100
Q

Causes of Asystole

A
  • Hypoxia
  • Hypovolemia
  • Acidosis
  • Cardiac tamponade
  • MI
  • PE
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Toxins
101
Q

Causes of heart blocks

A
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
  • Unstable angina
  • NSTEMI
  • MISTEMI
  • Electrolyte imbalances
  • Medication toxicities
102
Q

Treatment for 1st degree heart block

A

No specific tmnt, treat underlying cause

103
Q

Nursing interventions for 1st degree heart block

A
  • Obtain VS
  • Assess client for symptoms
  • Obtain ECG
  • Assess for causes
104
Q

When the R is far from the P you have a…

A

1st degree

105
Q

Tmnt for symptomatic 2nd degree type II heart block

A

temporary pacing

106
Q

A second degree heart block type II is considered

A

Life threatening

107
Q

2nd degree heart block type II can quickly progress to what>

A

Third degree heart block

108
Q

Tmnt of symptomatic 3rd degree heart block

A
  • Initially based on treating the patient’s symptoms, such as hypotension or SOB.
  • Attempts are made to reverse the cause(s) if possible.
  • Transcutaneous pacing is indicated in symptomatic CHB.
  • Long-term treatment is typically the insertion of a permanent pacemaker.
109
Q

Effects of dysrhythmias on cardiac output

A
  • Dysrhythmias cause changes in normal HR/rhythm which causes decrease in cardiac output.
  • Some dysrhythmias are lethal and can cause complete loss of cardiac output which results in cardiopulmonary arrest
110
Q

Nursing Interventions for a suspected Dysrhythmia

A
  • Perform ECG & Identify rhythm
  • Determine if symptomatic or asymptomatic
  • If Symptomatic assess: VS, LOC, Diaphoresis, Chest Pain, Poor peripheral circulation, n|v
  • Evaluate electrolytes and cardiac enzymes
111
Q

Nursing actions when treating a dysrhythmia

A
  • Administer anti arrhythmic therapy as ordered
  • Preform ECG/maintain cont ECG monitoring as ordered
  • Be prepared to administer advanced cardiac life support
  • Document occurrence of dysrhythmias
  • Teach patient to Immediately report chest pain/discomfort
  • Teach patient to recognize signs of complications

NUR 213 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions