EKG part 2 Flashcards
How do you treat sinus bradychardia?
if symptomatic – atropine 1mg IV, repeat up to 3mg
if no response = pacing with pacemaker insertion
treat underlying causes
How do you treat sinus tachycardia?
treat underlying causes (fever, anemia, hypoxia, sepsis)
beta blockers for symptomatic management
fluid resuscitation if needed
How do you treat paroxysmal atrial tachycardia?
vagal maneuvers for stable/symptomatic
adenosine 6mg IV bolus followed by 12mg IV push
cardiovert if unstable
BB or CCB for prevention
catheter ablation in refractory cases
look for other causes!
What is paroxysmal atrial tachycardia?
SVT
150-250
P wave may be hidden in preceding T wave
QRS complex is narrow
How do you treat atrial flutter?
rate control - BB or CCB
anticoagulation therapy - Warfarin to prevent stroke
electrical cardioversion for symptomatic or persistent flutter
catheter ablation if recurrent
look for causes
How is atrial fibrillation described?
irregularly irregular usually >100bnp with absent p waves
How do you treat atrial fibrillation?
rate control - BBs, CCBs
rhythm control - antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone)
anticoagulation - warfarin, direct acting
electrical cardioversion
look for causes! drugs?
Do you need to treat a first degree block?
no
How should you treat a second degree type 1 block?
atropine will work on bradycardia, pacemaker if symptomatic or progressing
How should you treat a second degree type 2 block?
pacemaker insertion is required, atropine could worsen it
high risk to progress!
What can cause a 2nd degree type 2 AV block?
anteroseptal MI, cardiomyopathy
What is the treatment for a 3rd degree AV block?
immediate pacemaker insertion, atropine can be used until available, and treat underlying causes!
How should you treat PVCs?
no treatment if asymptomatic
BBs for symptomatic
treat underlying causes
How should you treat PACs
usually no treatment but
if symptomatic
BBs or CCBs
treat underlying causes
What can cause SA node / junctional dysfunction?
inflammation of the heart, sick sinus syndrome, electrolytes, meds
How can you treat vtach?
stable: epi then amiodarone
unstable: immediate defibrillation
catheter ablation in recurrent
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for high-risk
How to treat vfib?
immediate defibrillation, CPR, epi and amiodarone
What should you do with asystole?
immediate CPR, administer epi every 3-5min, treat reversible causes, poor prognosis
If there is no pulse but an ECG shows a rhythm, what would you call it?
PEA - electrical activity with no pulse
