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Art History > Egypt > Flashcards

Egypt Flashcards

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1
Q

Upper Egypt was the ________ part

Lower Egypt was the ________ part

A

Southern

Northern

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2
Q

What did the Egyptians depend on

A

The Nile

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3
Q

What was the pharaoh

A

The ruler of two lands (upper and lower Egypt)

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4
Q

Did they believe in the afterlife

A

Yes

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5
Q

Anthropomorphic-
Zoomorphic-
Theriomorphic-

A

God represented in human form
God represented as animals
God represented as both

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6
Q

Atun

A

Anthropomorphic God of Heliopolis

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7
Q

Triad of Heliopolis and give a small description

A

Isis-husband (anthropomorphic)
Osiris-lord of the dead (anthropomorphic)
Horus-national God (theriomorphic)

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8
Q

Triad of Thebes and give a short description

A

Amun-eventually amun-ra (anthropomorphic)
Thoth-scribes of the gods (ibis headed) (anthropomorphic)
Anubis-in charge of mummification (theriomorphic)

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9
Q

Palette of Narmer

A

Slate slab
Low relief
Narmer with the white crown of upper Egypt performing a ritual
Side one is upper Egypt
Side two is lower Egypt (depicts red crown of lower Egypt)
3000 BC
Sets standard for depiction of humans for thousands of years (lower and upper body do not unite)

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10
Q

Rosetta Stone

A

3 languages
Hieroglyphs
Greek
Demotic- equivalent to long hand; faster

Worked out by Champollion

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11
Q

What is art in Egypt involved with

A

Death

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12
Q

What was believed about the spiritual world

A

Kyle could take material possessions to the spiritual world
A body was needed after death to survive
Preservation of the bodies (mummies)
Secure burial places

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13
Q

Mastaba

A

Underground pit

Protected the buried

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14
Q

Veneer

A

Exterior facing

Outside cover

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15
Q

Djosers funerary complex

A

First known monumental architecture in Egypt

Built by imhotep (first known architect by name)

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16
Q

Papyrus capital represented ________ Egypt

A

Upper

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17
Q

Lotus capital represented __________ Egypt

A

Lower

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18
Q

Khufu

A

The great pyramid father

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19
Q

Khafre

A

Limestone casing

Sphinx located in the valley of khafre

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20
Q

Menkaure

A

Smallest grandson

Pyramid

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21
Q

Statue of menkaure and his wife

A 
Cubic (carved out of a cube)
Medium- graywacke 
Queen shows tenderness(rare)
Menkaure has action pose
Pharaoh is son of the sun, therefore not human, and shows no emotion
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22
Q

Obelisk

A

Example: Washington monument

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23
Q

Capital (column)

A

Top part of a column

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24
Q

Clerestory

A

Clarity in between the large ceiling and small opening

Allows for air and light to pass, as well as smoke to leave due to torches

25
Q

Ruler of Thebes

A

Ahmos
Created thebes
Considered golden time of Egypt

26
Q

Hatshepsut

A

First female pharaoh and king
First woman ruler of mankind
Portrayed as a man

27
Q

Funerary temple of Hatshepsut at dear-el-bahir

A

Architect: senenmut

All elements symmetrical along a central line

28
Q

Axial plan

A

All elements are symmetrical along a dominant central line

29
Q

Tombs of Ramses II

A

One for him

Other for his favorite wife Nefertari

30
Q

Amenhotep III

A

Ramses II father

Best preserved mummy

31
Q

Dynasty of amenhotep

A

Considered the best dynasty

Best warriors in Egypt

32
Q

God of Memphis

A

Ta

33
Q

Amenhotep IV

A

Ruler of upper and lower Egypt
Son of the son
One God that manifests on the disk of the sun named the aten
Changes his name to Akhenaten - servant of aten
Father of Tutankhamen
Changed capital to aket aten
After he dies, everything was wiped out and old religious ways resume

34
Q

What did the Egyptians call themselves

A

Q’emi

35
Q

Ma’at

A

Feather of truth

36
Q

Tomb of Tutankhamen

A

Discovered by Howard carter in 1922

240 pounds of solid gold sarcophagus(outer covering)

37
Q

The book of coming forth by day

A

Heart is the seed to the soul
Heart of a dead person is weighed to the father of truth (ma’at)
Written in demotic

38
Q

Thoth

A

God of the scribe

Taught humans how to write

39
Q

The negative confession

A

Last step

The deceased recites to pass the balance

40
Q

In which dynasty were the 3 great pyramids made

A

4th dynasty

41
Q

Pyramids of djoser located in ?

A

Saqqarah

42
Q

Faience

A

A type of pottery

43
Q

Champollion

A

Deciphered hieroglyphs

44
Q

Hall of bulls

A

Lascaux, France
20,000 BC
Earliest examples of cave paintings
Created with the light of torches

45
Q

Bird headed man

A 
Paleolithic (30,000-9,000 BC)
Man with bird mask on
Staff with bird on it
Bison cut bowels pouring out
Bison dead
Dying=dead
46
Q

Stonehenge

A

Located in England
Henge- circle of upright stones
Megalith- big rocks
Menhirs- vertical megalith

47
Q

Skara brae

A

Stone built Neolithic settlement

48
Q

Lady of brassempouy

A

Ivory figurine
Upper Paleolithic period
Discovered in brassempouy, France
First well detailed Venus involving face

49
Q

Lyre with bull head

A

Wood, lapis lazuli, gold

50
Q

Stele of Hammurabi

A

Code given to Hammurabi by the God shamash to set laws for the people
Shamash is bigger than Hammurabi even while sitting
Code contains 282 laws

51
Q

Standard of ur

A

King is in the top level in the center
He is bigger than the rest of the people
Guards are behind him protecting him with spears
The social class gets poorer as the levels go down
Found in the city of ur
2500 BC

52
Q

Gate of Ishtar

A

Eight gate to inner city of Babylon
Constructed by order of Nebuchadnezzar II
Animals on the brick walls around the gate represented the goddess Ishtar

53
Q

Pyramidion

A

Uppermost part of a pyramid or obelisk

54
Q

Queen tiy

A

Wife of amenhotep III
Mother of Akhenaten
Grandmother of Tutankhamen

55
Q

Mask of Tutankhamen

A

Gold mask
Wore when he died
Believed that it was out with a magic spell
Used so that he is recognized in the afterlife and will be able to resurrect

56
Q

How is Stonehenge considered a more modern architecture than the pyramids of Giza

A

First of all, the pyramids are 500 years older than stone hedge. That already makes it more modern, though a small amount more modern, because it is closer to our present than the pyramids. Another reason is because of the architecture. Stonhenge is made of an architecture style called post and lintel. This architectural style is still extremely common now for buildings and other architectural monuments such as stonhenge, and can be used to construct buildings in a strong way so they don’t fall. Pyramids on the other hand aren’t used or made as much nowadays.

57
Q

Traces of paint on sphinx how affect our perception

A

They were more creative
Created a type of paint that was able to last through tough conditions
More creative

58
Q

Egyptian tombs were not to be entered. How should the works of art be perceived.

A

The works of art were not meant to be seen by any one after the person was buried. People who entered at a later time will not understand some of the paintings or the reasoning behind them because they don’t have the same meaning to them. The art should have only been perceived back then by those who were supposed to, instead of a contemporary viewer

Art History (13 decks)

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