EGFR signalling And Cancer

Question 1

What do ERbB receptors undergo?

Answer 1

Autophosphorylation

Question 2

EGFR signal transduction

Answer 2

GRB2
SOS
RAS
RAF
MEK
MAPK

Question 3

3 ways EGFR enters cells

Answer 3

Clathrin dep endocytosis
Clathrin indep endocytosis
Secretase cleavage

Question 4

3 ways EGFR signalling is enhanced

Answer 4

Increase in amount of ligand available for binding
Cross talk between receptors
Heterodimerisation with other members of HER family

Question 5

How many RTKs in mammals?

Answer 5

58

Question 6

How many subfamilies of RTKs?

Answer 6

20

Question 7

Regions of RTK

Answer 7

Variable extra cellular region

Well conserved TK region

Question 8

RTK mutation in cancer -percentage

Answer 8

30%

Question 9

EGFR main biological function

Answer 9

Epithelial development

Neuronal differentiation

Question 10

cKit main biological function

Answer 10

Haematopoiesis

Mast cell development

Question 11

HGFR role

Answer 11

Placenta, liver and muscle development

Question 12

RET role

Answer 12

Kidney and neuronal differentiation

Question 13

How many percent of human cancers have overexpressed EGFR?

Answer 13

50%

Question 14

5 results of overexpressed EGFR in cancer

Answer 14

Dedifferentiation
Angiogenesis
Metastasis
Cell proliferation
Survival and protection from apoptosis

Question 15

Which antibody blocks ligand binding to EGFR?

Answer 15

Cetuximab

Question 16

2 antibodies blocking dimerisation of ErbB2

Answer 16

Pertuzumab

Trastuzumab

Question 17

What are the majority of TKI?

Answer 17

ATP mimetic

Question 18

2 EGFR specific TKI;

Answer 18

Gefitinib

Erlotinib

Question 19

A EGFR/ERbB2 inhibitor

Answer 19

Lapatinib

Question 20

Direct action of mAB cancer therapy 2

Answer 20

Block cell cycle progression, antiangiogenic, internalising receptors

Conjugation with toxins

Question 21

Indirect action of mAB cancer therapy

Answer 21

Immune system cytotoxicity

Ab dep cellular cytotoxicity

Question 22

What does imatinib do?

Answer 22

Small molecule inactivating kinase activity of BCR-abl and multi targeted inhibitor of KIT and PDGFA, PDGFB