effects of smoking Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the addictive drug in tobacco smoke

A

nicotine

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2
Q

there are at least __ ___________ in tobacco smoke including tar, these are chemicals which can alter the DNA and increase risk of cancer

A

17 carcinogens

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3
Q

smoking increases the risk of cancer which is

A

the rapid uncontrolled cell growth

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4
Q

tobacco smoke contains ______ ________ which permanently binds to the haemoglobin forming __________________ reducing the amount of oxygen being transported by the blood

A

carbon monoxide
carboxyhaemoglobim

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5
Q

in healthy lungs the linings of the trachea and bronchi are

A

specialised to prevent dirt and bacteria entering the lungs

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6
Q

goblet cells produce mucus which

A

traps dust and pathogens

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7
Q

the cilia of the lining cells move transporting the mucus

A

up the airways where it is then swallowed

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8
Q

chemicals in tobacco smoke destroy _____ reducing their number, at the same time mucus production will increase. the mucus cannot be moved out of the airways quickly so it ______ __ causing _______ _____ and increases the risk of infection

A

cilia
builds up
smokers cough

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9
Q

__________ is a disease resulting from the build up of in refuted mucus in the bronchi and bronchioles

A

bronchitis

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10
Q

smoke can also reach the alveoli damaging them: the alveoli walls break down in places and fuse together forming larger irregular air spaces this ___ the surface area for gas exchange so ____ oxygen diffuses into the blood, this disease is called _________ and kills around 20k people in Britain per year

A

decreases
less
emphysema

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